Free Printable WorksheetSocial StudiesGrade 8Social Studies CurriculumECO.8.74

8.74 Cost–Benefit Analysis and Marginal Thinking Worksheet

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Worksheet Overview & Skills Covered

Core academic competencies and curriculum alignment

This Grade 8 Social Studies worksheet provides structured practice on 8.74 Cost–Benefit Analysis and Marginal Thinking. Students are guided through targeted exercises that build foundational understanding, computational accuracy, and critical thinking skills.

Cost–Benefit Analysis and Marginal Thinking - Evaluate alternatives using costs and benefits for different groups. (C3 D2.Eco.2.6–8)

Whether you are an educator preparing classroom handouts, a tutor reinforcing weekly topics, or a parent supporting homeschool learning, this printable resource gives students the deliberate practice required to achieve subject fluency and master state standards.

Grade

Grade 8

Subject

Social Studies

Domain

Social Studies Curriculum

Formats

PDF & DOCX

Sample Practice Problems

Preview the types of problems and questions covered in this worksheet

Below are sample questions representative of the exercises included on this worksheet and related 8.74 Cost–Benefit Analysis and Marginal Thinking skill assessments:

Problem 1Difficulty: Mastery

What is the best conclusion using marginal thinking and break-even analysis?

ADo not buy the machine because fixed costs never matter

BBuy the machine whenever demand is positive, even if far below break-even

CDo not buy the machine because marginal net benefit per unit is positive

DBuy the machine only if expected units are at least 1000 (the break-even quantity)

Solution & Explanation:The machine is worthwhile only if total net benefit covers the fixed cost. Break-even quantity ≈ fixed cost ÷ net benefit per unit = $14,000 ÷ $14 ≈ 1000 units. If expected demand is below 1000, the project has negative net benefit.

Problem 2Difficulty: Mastery

Which upgrade should be chosen using NPV?

AChoose the one with the lower upfront cost only

BChoose Upgrade B, because it has the higher net present value

CChoose the one with the higher year-1 benefit only

DChoose Upgrade A, because it has the higher net present value

Solution & Explanation:Compute NPV for each: NPV = sum(discounted benefits) − upfront cost. Compare the two NPVs; the larger NPV gives the higher net benefit after discounting.

Problem 3Difficulty: Mastery

Based on total social net benefit, what is the best conclusion?

AApprove, because total benefits exceed total costs (net $2,000)

BApprove only because commuters benefit, even if total costs are larger

CReject, because any external cost means the project is never worthwhile

DReject, because funding by taxpayers automatically makes the net benefit negative

Solution & Explanation:Add up all benefits (commuters + businesses) and subtract all costs (taxpayers' funding + residents' noise cost). Net social benefit = $18,000 + $3,000 − $12,000 − $7,000 = $2,000. Because it is positive, approving maximizes total net benefits.

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Frequently Asked Questions

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QWhat grade level and standards does this worksheet align with?

This worksheet is designed specifically for Grade 8 Social Studies students. It aligns with educational standard ECO.8.74 (Develop understanding of Cost-Benefit Analysis and Marginal Thinking through grade 8 social studies practice.).