3.44 Identify Text Structure Compare Contrast Worksheet

This passage compares encoding and encryption using several layered details. Both encoding and encryption change information into another form using a set of rules. The author lists shared traits first, then turns to contrasts that matter most. One major difference is that encoding changes format so systems can store or read data easily, while encryption scrambles data to keep it secret from people without a key. A second contrast is that encoding is meant to be easily decoded by anyone with the method, but encryption is meant to be decoded only by someone with the correct key. Even with these contrasts, both encoding and encryption can be reversed to get the original information back.

Because urban sprawl and smart growth are often discussed together, readers must notice the author's comparisons. Both urban sprawl and smart growth describe how cities can develop. The author lists shared traits first, then turns to contrasts that matter most. On the other hand, urban sprawl spreads development outward with low-density neighborhoods, while smart growth plans compact neighborhoods near services and transit. A second contrast is that urban sprawl uses more land and roads, but smart growth tries to protect open space and reduce long commutes. Even with these contrasts, both urban sprawl and smart growth affect transportation and land use.

At first glance, passive solar heating and active solar panels can look alike, yet their roles are not identical. Both passive solar heating and active solar panels use energy from sunlight. The author lists shared traits first, then turns to contrasts that matter most. One major difference is that passive solar heating uses building design to capture and hold heat, while active solar panels use devices that convert sunlight into electricity. A second contrast is that passive solar heating depends on window placement and insulation, but active solar panels depend on panels, wiring, and equipment. Even with these contrasts, both passive solar heating and active solar panels can reduce the need to burn fossil fuels.