Technical standards can emerge through formal committees that seek consensus or through widespread adoption of a privately developed design. Formal standards may represent many stakeholders and document objections, but negotiation can be slow. Market-led standards can coordinate users quickly, but early dominance may reflect installed advantage rather than technical merit. The governance paper argues that later formal review can improve a market standard and that experimental adoption can inform a committee. It therefore treats the pathways as capable of interacting, while leaving open which should lead at a given stage of technological development.