Interpreting Variables, Coefficients, Constants, and Terms: Interpret variables, coefficients, constants, factors, and terms in a linear expression or equation and select the meaning that fits the context. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: A-SSE.A.1; N-Q.A.2; SMP 2, 4 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Algebra: Linear equations in one variable: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Algebra: Linear equations in one variable; CCSS-M: A-SSE.A.1; N-Q.A.2; SMP 2, 4.

Writing One-Variable Linear Equations from Contexts: Choose the one-variable linear equation that models a verbal relationship, constraint, or real-world situation. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: A-CED.A.1; A-SSE.A.1; SMP 2, 4 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Algebra: Linear equations in one variable: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Algebra: Linear equations in one variable; CCSS-M: A-CED.A.1; A-SSE.A.1; SMP 2, 4.

Solving One-Step and Two-Step Linear Equations: Solve one-step and two-step linear equations and select the value that makes the equation true. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: 7.EE.B.4a; 8.EE.C.7b; A-REI.B.3; SMP 1, 6 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Algebra: Linear equations in one variable: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Algebra: Linear equations in one variable; CCSS-M: 7.EE.B.4a; 8.EE.C.7b; A-REI.B.3; SMP 1, 6.

Solving Multi-Step Linear Equations: Solve multi-step linear equations requiring distribution, combining like terms, and inverse operations. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: 8.EE.C.7b; A-REI.B.3; SMP 1, 7 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Algebra: Linear equations in one variable: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Algebra: Linear equations in one variable; CCSS-M: 8.EE.C.7b; A-REI.B.3; SMP 1, 7.

Solving Linear Equations with Fractions and Decimals: Solve linear equations containing fractions or decimals while maintaining exact equivalence and appropriate precision. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice; CCSS-M: 8.EE.C.7b; A-REI.B.3; SMP 1, 6 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Algebra: Linear equations in one variable: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Algebra: Linear equations in one variable; CCSS-M: 8.EE.C.7b; A-REI.B.3; SMP 1, 6.

Solving Equations with Variables on Both Sides: Solve equations with variables on both sides and select the correct solution. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: 8.EE.C.7a-b; A-REI.B.3; SMP 1, 7 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Algebra: Linear equations in one variable: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Algebra: Linear equations in one variable; CCSS-M: 8.EE.C.7a-b; A-REI.B.3; SMP 1, 7. Curriculum skill label: PSAT.022.

One Solution, No Solution, or Infinitely Many Solutions: Determine whether a linear equation has one solution, no solution, or infinitely many solutions by analyzing equivalent forms. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: 8.EE.C.7a; A-REI.A.1; SMP 1, 7 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Algebra: Linear equations in one variable: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Algebra: Linear equations in one variable; CCSS-M: 8.EE.C.7a; A-REI.A.1; SMP 1, 7.

Rearranging Literal Equations and Formulas: Rearrange a literal equation or formula to isolate a specified variable. Curriculum skill label PSAT.024. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice; CCSS-M: A-CED.A.4; SMP 1, 7; College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Algebra: Linear equations in one variable.

Equations from Proportional, Rate, and Unit Contexts: Create and solve a one-variable equation arising from a proportional, rate, or unit relationship. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice - CCSS-M: 7.RP.A.2; A-CED.A.1; SMP 2, 4 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Algebra: Linear equations in one variable.

Checking Solutions and Contextual Restrictions: Check candidate solutions and select the value that also satisfies contextual restrictions such as positivity, integrality, or feasible ranges. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: A-REI.A.1; A-CED.A.3; SMP 1, 3, 6 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Algebra: Linear equations in one variable: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Algebra: Linear equations in one variable; CCSS-M: A-REI.A.1; A-CED.A.3; SMP 1, 3, 6.

Ordered Pairs as Solutions of Linear Equations: Determine whether an ordered pair is a solution of a linear equation in two variables. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice; CCSS-M: A-REI.D.10; SMP 2, 6 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Algebra: Linear equations in two variables.

Slope and Intercepts from Linear Equations: Identify slope, x-intercept, and y-intercept from a linear equation and connect each feature to its graph. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: 8.EE.B.5-6; F-IF.C.7a; SMP 2, 7 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Algebra: Linear equations in two variables: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Algebra: Linear equations in two variables; CCSS-M: 8.EE.B.5-6; F-IF.C.7a; SMP 2, 7.

Converting Forms of a Linear Equation: Choose an equivalent form of a line - slope-intercept, point-slope, or standard - that best reveals the requested feature. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: A-CED.A.2; A-REI.D.10; SMP 2, 7 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Algebra: Linear equations in two variables: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Algebra: Linear equations in two variables; CCSS-M: A-CED.A.2; A-REI.D.10; SMP 2, 7.

Graphing Linear Equations: Select the graph that represents a given linear equation, including equations of horizontal and vertical lines. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice; CCSS-M: 8.EE.B.5-6; A-REI.D.10; SMP 2, 5 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Algebra: Linear equations in two variables.

Equation of a Line from a Slope and One Point: Write or select the equation of a line from a slope and one point. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice; CCSS-M: 8.F.B.4; A-CED.A.2; SMP 1, 4; College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Algebra: Linear equations in two variables.

Equation of a Line from Two Points: Write or select the equation of a line from two points. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: 8.F.B.4; F-LE.A.2; SMP 1, 4 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Algebra: Linear equations in two variables: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Algebra: Linear equations in two variables; CCSS-M: 8.F.B.4; F-LE.A.2; SMP 1, 4.

Equation of a Line from a Graph or Table: Choose the linear equation that matches a graph, table, or set of input-output pairs. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: 8.F.A.3; 8.F.B.4; A-CED.A.2; SMP 2, 4 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Algebra: Linear equations in two variables: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Algebra: Linear equations in two variables; CCSS-M: 8.F.A.3; 8.F.B.4; A-CED.A.2; SMP 2, 4.

Interpreting Linear Equation Parameters in Context: Interpret the slope, intercepts, and selected points of a linear model in the units and language of a context. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: F-LE.B.5; S-ID.C.7; SMP 2, 4 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Algebra: Linear equations in two variables: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Algebra: Linear equations in two variables; CCSS-M: F-LE.B.5; S-ID.C.7; SMP 2, 4.

Parallel and Perpendicular Lines: Select equations of lines that are parallel or perpendicular to a given line. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice; CCSS-M: G-GPE.B.5; SMP 2, 7 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Algebra: Linear equations in two variables.

Solving a Two-Variable Equation for One Variable: Solve a two-variable linear equation for one variable in terms of the other and select an equivalent expression. Curriculum skill label PSAT.036. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice; CCSS-M: A-CED.A.4; SMP 1, 7; College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Algebra: Linear equations in two variables.

Evaluating Linear Functions: Evaluate a linear function at a given input and select the corresponding output. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: F-IF.A.2; SMP 2, 6 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Algebra: Linear functions: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Algebra: Linear functions; CCSS-M: F-IF.A.2; SMP 2, 6.

Domain and Range of Linear Functions in Context: Determine a reasonable domain or range for a linear function in a real-world context. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice; CCSS-M: F-IF.B.5; SMP 2, 4 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Algebra: Linear functions.

Rate of Change from Multiple Representations: Calculate and interpret the rate of change of a linear function from a table, graph, equation, or pair of points. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice. Codes: CCSS-M: 8.F.B.4; F-IF.B.6; SMP 2, 4. Standard focus: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Algebra: Linear functions: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Algebra: Linear functions; CCSS-M: 8.F.B.4; F-IF.B.6; SMP 2, 4.

Initial Value of a Linear Function: Identify and interpret the initial value of a linear function from different representations. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: 8.F.B.4; F-LE.B.5; SMP 2, 4 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Algebra: Linear functions: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Algebra: Linear functions; CCSS-M: 8.F.B.4; F-LE.B.5; SMP 2, 4. Curriculum skill label: PSAT.040.

Comparing Linear Functions: Compare two linear functions presented as equations, tables, graphs, or verbal descriptions and select the true relationship. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: 8.F.A.2; F-IF.C.9; SMP 2, 3 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Algebra: Linear functions.

Building Linear Functions from Contexts: Construct or select a linear function that models a constant rate of change and initial value. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice; CCSS-M: F-BF.A.1; F-LE.A.2; SMP 2, 4; College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Algebra: Linear functions.

Arithmetic Sequences as Linear Functions: Recognize arithmetic sequences as linear functions on integer domains and select an explicit rule or requested term. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: 8.F.B.4; F-IF.A.3; F-BF.A.2; SMP 2, 7 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Algebra: Linear functions: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Algebra: Linear functions; CCSS-M: 8.F.B.4; F-IF.A.3; F-BF.A.2; SMP 2, 7.

Direct Variation and Constant of Proportionality: Identify direct variation, determine the constant of proportionality, and select the matching equation or graph. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: 7.RP.A.2; 8.EE.B.5; F-LE.A.2; SMP 2, 4 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Algebra: Linear functions: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Algebra: Linear functions; CCSS-M: 7.RP.A.2; 8.EE.B.5; F-LE.A.2; SMP 2, 4.

Interpreting Points and Intervals on Linear Graphs: Interpret points, intervals, increasing or decreasing behavior, and positive or negative values on a linear graph in context. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: F-IF.B.4-5; SMP 2, 4 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Algebra: Linear functions: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Algebra: Linear functions; CCSS-M: F-IF.B.4-5; SMP 2, 4.

Solving Systems by Graphing: Solve a system of two linear equations by graphing and select the intersection. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: 8.EE.C.8a; A-REI.C.6; A-REI.D.10; SMP 1, 5 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Algebra: Systems of two linear equations in two variables: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Algebra: Systems of two linear equations in two variables; CCSS-M: 8.EE.C.8a; A-REI.C.6; A-REI.D.10; SMP 1, 5.

Solving Systems by Substitution: Solve a system by substitution and choose the ordered pair satisfying both equations. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: 8.EE.C.8b; A-REI.C.6; SMP 1, 6 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Algebra: Systems of two linear equations in two variables: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Algebra: Systems of two linear equations in two variables; CCSS-M: 8.EE.C.8b; A-REI.C.6; SMP 1, 6.

Solving Systems by Elimination: Solve a system by elimination, including systems requiring multiplication of one or both equations. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: 8.EE.C.8b; A-REI.C.5-6; SMP 1, 7 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Algebra: Systems of two linear equations in two variables: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Algebra: Systems of two linear equations in two variables; CCSS-M: 8.EE.C.8b; A-REI.C.5-6; SMP 1, 7.

Classifying Systems by Number of Solutions: Classify a system as having one solution, no solution, or infinitely many solutions from equations or graphs. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: 8.EE.C.8a; A-REI.C.6; SMP 1, 7 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Algebra: Systems of two linear equations in two variables: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Algebra: Systems of two linear equations in two variables; CCSS-M: 8.EE.C.8a; A-REI.C.6; SMP 1, 7.

Systems of Equations in Context: Create and use a system of linear equations to model two related quantities and select the contextually valid solution. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: 8.EE.C.8c; A-CED.A.3; A-REI.C.6; SMP 2, 4 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Algebra: Systems of two linear equations in two variables: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Algebra: Systems of two linear equations in two variables; CCSS-M: 8.EE.C.8c; A-CED.A.3; A-REI.C.6; SMP 2, 4.

Solving One-Variable Linear Inequalities: Solve one-variable linear inequalities, including reversing the inequality symbol when multiplying or dividing by a negative number. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: 7.EE.B.4b; A-REI.B.3; SMP 1, 6 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Algebra: Linear inequalities in one or two variables: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Algebra: Linear inequalities in one or two variables; CCSS-M: 7.EE.B.4b; A-REI.B.3; SMP 1, 6.

Graphing One-Variable Inequalities: Choose the number-line graph that represents a one-variable linear inequality, with correct endpoint and direction. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: 6.EE.B.8; A-REI.B.3; SMP 2, 6 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Algebra: Linear inequalities in one or two variables: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Algebra: Linear inequalities in one or two variables; CCSS-M: 6.EE.B.8; A-REI.B.3; SMP 2, 6.

Compound Linear Inequalities: Solve and interpret compound linear inequalities joined by 'and' or 'or' and select the matching interval or graph. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: A-REI.B.3; A-CED.A.3; SMP 1, 4 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Algebra: Linear inequalities in one or two variables: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Algebra: Linear inequalities in one or two variables; CCSS-M: A-REI.B.3; A-CED.A.3; SMP 1, 4.

Writing Inequalities from Contexts: Write or select a linear inequality that represents a contextual limit, minimum, maximum, or feasible range. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: A-CED.A.1; A-CED.A.3; SMP 2, 4 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Algebra: Linear inequalities in one or two variables: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Algebra: Linear inequalities in one or two variables; CCSS-M: A-CED.A.1; A-CED.A.3; SMP 2, 4.

Graphing Linear Inequalities in Two Variables: Choose the half-plane graph of a linear inequality in two variables, including solid versus dashed boundaries. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: A-REI.D.12; SMP 2, 5 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Algebra: Linear inequalities in one or two variables: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Algebra: Linear inequalities in one or two variables; CCSS-M: A-REI.D.12; SMP 2, 5.

Systems of Linear Inequalities: Identify the solution region of a system of linear inequalities and select a point or condition that belongs to it. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: A-REI.D.12; A-CED.A.3; SMP 1, 4 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Algebra: Linear inequalities in one or two variables: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Algebra: Linear inequalities in one or two variables; CCSS-M: A-REI.D.12; A-CED.A.3; SMP 1, 4.

Integer Exponent Rules: Apply product, quotient, power, zero, and negative-exponent rules to select an equivalent expression. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: 8.EE.A.1; N-RN.A.1; SMP 2, 7 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Advanced Math: Equivalent expressions: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Advanced Math: Equivalent expressions; CCSS-M: 8.EE.A.1; N-RN.A.1; SMP 2, 7.

Rational Exponents and Radicals: Rewrite expressions between radical and rational-exponent forms and simplify using exponent properties. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: 8.EE.A.2; N-RN.A.1-2; SMP 2, 7 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Advanced Math: Equivalent expressions: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Advanced Math: Equivalent expressions; CCSS-M: 8.EE.A.2; N-RN.A.1-2; SMP 2, 7.

Combining Like Terms and Distributing: Combine like terms and apply the distributive property to select an equivalent algebraic expression.. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: 7.EE.A.1-2; A-SSE.A.1-2; SMP 2, 7 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Advanced Math: Equivalent expressions: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Advanced Math: Equivalent expressions; CCSS-M: 7.EE.A.1-2; A-SSE.A.1-2; SMP 2, 7.

Adding and Subtracting Polynomials: Add and subtract polynomials and select the correctly simplified result. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: A-APR.A.1; SMP 2, 6 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Advanced Math: Equivalent expressions: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Advanced Math: Equivalent expressions; CCSS-M: A-APR.A.1; SMP 2, 6.

Multiplying Polynomials: Multiply monomials, binomials, and polynomials using structure or distribution. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice; CCSS-M: A-APR.A.1; SMP 2, 7; College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Advanced Math: Equivalent expressions.

Factoring Greatest Common Factors and by Grouping: Factor out a greatest common factor or use grouping to select an equivalent factored expression. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice; CCSS-M: A-SSE.A.2; A-SSE.B.3a; SMP 2, 7; College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Advanced Math: Equivalent expressions; Advanced Math - Equivalent Expressions, Nonlinear Equations, and Nonlinear Functions (Official Weight: 12-14 Questions).

Factoring Quadratic Trinomials: Factor quadratic trinomials, including those with a leading coefficient other than 1. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: A-SSE.B.3a; A-APR.B.3; SMP 1, 7 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Advanced Math: Equivalent expressions: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Advanced Math: Equivalent expressions; CCSS-M: A-SSE.B.3a; A-APR.B.3; SMP 1, 7.

Special Products and Difference of Squares: Recognize and use special products such as difference of squares and perfect-square trinomials. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: A-SSE.A.2; A-APR.A.1; SMP 2, 7 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Advanced Math: Equivalent expressions: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Advanced Math: Equivalent expressions; CCSS-M: A-SSE.A.2; A-APR.A.1; SMP 2, 7.

Completing the Square to Rewrite Quadratics: Complete the square to rewrite a quadratic expression in vertex form. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: A-SSE.B.3b; A-REI.B.4; SMP 1, 7 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Advanced Math: Equivalent expressions.

Simplifying Rational Expressions: Simplify rational expressions and identify excluded values that make a denominator zero. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice; CCSS-M: A-APR.D.6; A-SSE.A.2; SMP 1, 6 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Advanced Math: Equivalent expressions.

Rewriting Exponential Expressions with Common Bases: Rewrite exponential expressions using a common base to compare, simplify, or solve. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: N-RN.A.1-2; A-SSE.B.3c; SMP 2, 7 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Advanced Math: Equivalent expressions: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Advanced Math: Equivalent expressions; CCSS-M: N-RN.A.1-2; A-SSE.B.3c; SMP 2, 7.

Choosing Equivalent Forms that Reveal Structure: Select the equivalent form of an expression or equation that most clearly reveals zeros, a vertex, growth factor, or another requested feature. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: A-SSE.A.2; A-SSE.B.3; SMP 2, 7 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Advanced Math: Equivalent expressions.

Solving Quadratic Equations by Factoring: Solve quadratic equations by factoring and the zero-product property. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice; CCSS-M: A-REI.B.4b; A-APR.B.3; SMP 1, 7; College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Advanced Math: Nonlinear equations in one variable and systems of equations in two variables.

Solving Quadratics by the Square-Root Method: Solve quadratic equations by isolating a square and taking square roots, including both real roots when applicable. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice; CCSS-M: A-REI.B.4b; SMP 1, 6; College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Advanced Math: Nonlinear equations in one variable and systems of equations in two variables: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Advanced Math: Nonlinear equations in one variable and systems of equations in two variables; CCSS-M: A-REI.B.4b; SMP 1, 6.

Solving Quadratics by Completing the Square: Solve quadratic equations by completing the square. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice; CCSS-M: A-REI.B.4a-b; SMP 1, 7; College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Advanced Math: Nonlinear equations in one variable and systems of equations in two variables.

Solving Quadratics with the Quadratic Formula: Use the quadratic formula to select the real solution or solutions of a quadratic equation. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: A-REI.B.4b; SMP 1, 6 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Advanced Math: Nonlinear equations in one variable and systems of equations in two variables: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Advanced Math: Nonlinear equations in one variable and systems of equations in two variables; CCSS-M: A-REI.B.4b; SMP 1, 6.

Using the Discriminant: Use the discriminant to determine whether a quadratic has two, one, or no real solutions. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice; CCSS-M: A-REI.B.4b; SMP 2, 7; College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Advanced Math: Nonlinear equations in one variable and systems of equations in two variables.

Solving Absolute Value Equations: Solve absolute value equations by considering both cases and choose all valid solutions. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: A-REI.A.1; F-IF.C.7b; SMP 1, 7 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Advanced Math: Nonlinear equations in one variable and systems of equations in two variables: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Advanced Math: Nonlinear equations in one variable and systems of equations in two variables; CCSS-M: A-REI.A.1; F-IF.C.7b; SMP 1, 7.

Solving Radical Equations: Solve radical equations and select the solution that satisfies the original equation. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice; CCSS-M: A-REI.A.2; SMP 1, 6 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Advanced Math: Nonlinear equations in one variable and systems of equations in two variables: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Advanced Math: Nonlinear equations in one variable and systems of equations in two variables; CCSS-M: A-REI.A.2; SMP 1, 6.

Solving Rational Equations: Solve rational equations by clearing denominators while respecting excluded values. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: A-REI.A.2; SMP 1, 6 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Advanced Math: Nonlinear equations in one variable and systems of equations in two variables: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Advanced Math: Nonlinear equations in one variable and systems of equations in two variables; CCSS-M: A-REI.A.2; SMP 1, 6.

Recognizing Extraneous Solutions: Identify extraneous solutions introduced by squaring, multiplying by variable expressions, or other nonreversible steps. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: A-REI.A.2; SMP 1, 3, 6 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Advanced Math: Nonlinear equations in one variable and systems of equations in two variables: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Advanced Math: Nonlinear equations in one variable and systems of equations in two variables; CCSS-M: A-REI.A.2; SMP 1, 3, 6.

Solving Higher-Degree Polynomial Equations by Factoring: Solve higher-degree polynomial equations that can be factored into linear or quadratic factors. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: A-APR.B.3; A-REI.B.4; SMP 1, 7 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Advanced Math: Nonlinear equations in one variable and systems of equations in two variables: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Advanced Math: Nonlinear equations in one variable and systems of equations in two variables; CCSS-M: A-APR.B.3; A-REI.B.4; SMP 1, 7.

Systems with One Linear and One Quadratic Equation: Solve a system containing one linear and one quadratic equation and select the common point or points. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: A-REI.C.7; SMP 1, 5 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Advanced Math: Nonlinear equations in one variable and systems of equations in two variables: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Advanced Math: Nonlinear equations in one variable and systems of equations in two variables; CCSS-M: A-REI.C.7; SMP 1, 5.

Systems of Two Nonlinear Equations: Use substitution, graphing, or structure to solve a system of two nonlinear equations in two variables. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: A-REI.C.7; A-REI.D.11; SMP 1, 5, 7 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Advanced Math: Nonlinear equations in one variable and systems of equations in two variables: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Advanced Math: Nonlinear equations in one variable and systems of equations in two variables; CCSS-M: A-REI.C.7; A-REI.D.11; SMP 1, 5, 7.

Evaluating Nonlinear Functions: Evaluate nonlinear functions and expressions involving function notation at specified inputs. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: F-IF.A.2; SMP 2, 6 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Advanced Math: Nonlinear functions: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Advanced Math: Nonlinear functions; CCSS-M: F-IF.A.2; SMP 2, 6.

Domain and Range of Nonlinear Functions: Choose the domain and range of a nonlinear function from its equation, graph, or context, including restrictions from radicals and denominators. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: F-IF.A.1; F-IF.B.5; SMP 2, 6 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Advanced Math: Nonlinear functions: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Advanced Math: Nonlinear functions; CCSS-M: F-IF.A.1; F-IF.B.5; SMP 2, 6.

Zeros, Intercepts, and Solutions of Nonlinear Functions: Identify zeros, x-intercepts, y-intercepts, and equation solutions from a nonlinear graph or table. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: F-IF.B.4; F-IF.C.7; SMP 2, 5 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Advanced Math: Nonlinear functions: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Advanced Math: Nonlinear functions; CCSS-M: F-IF.B.4; F-IF.C.7; SMP 2, 5.

Quadratic Vertex, Axis, Maximum, and Minimum: Determine the vertex, axis of symmetry, maximum or minimum, and intervals of increase or decrease of a quadratic. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: F-IF.B.4; F-IF.C.7a; SMP 2, 7 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Advanced Math: Nonlinear functions: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Advanced Math: Nonlinear functions; CCSS-M: F-IF.B.4; F-IF.C.7a; SMP 2, 7.

Connecting Standard, Factored, and Vertex Forms: Connect standard, factored, and vertex forms of a quadratic and select the form that reveals the requested feature. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: A-SSE.B.3; F-IF.C.8a; SMP 2, 7 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Advanced Math: Nonlinear functions: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Advanced Math: Nonlinear functions; CCSS-M: A-SSE.B.3; F-IF.C.8a; SMP 2, 7.

Constructing Quadratic Functions: Construct or select a quadratic function from given zeros, a vertex, points, or a contextual description. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: F-BF.A.1; A-CED.A.2; SMP 2, 4 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Advanced Math: Nonlinear functions: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Advanced Math: Nonlinear functions; CCSS-M: F-BF.A.1; A-CED.A.2; SMP 2, 4.

Exponential Growth and Decay Models: Model exponential growth or decay and select the equation, table, or graph that represents a constant multiplicative rate. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: F-LE.A.1-2; F-BF.A.1; SMP 2, 4 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Advanced Math: Nonlinear functions: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Advanced Math: Nonlinear functions; CCSS-M: F-LE.A.1-2; F-BF.A.1; SMP 2, 4.

Interpreting Exponential Parameters and Percent Change: Interpret the initial value, growth or decay factor, and percent rate in an exponential function. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: F-LE.B.5; SMP 2, 4 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Advanced Math: Nonlinear functions: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Advanced Math: Nonlinear functions; CCSS-M: F-LE.B.5; SMP 2, 4.

Comparing Linear and Exponential Models: Compare linear and exponential relationships and determine when one model exceeds the other. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: F-LE.A.1-3; SMP 2, 3 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Advanced Math: Nonlinear functions: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Advanced Math: Nonlinear functions; CCSS-M: F-LE.A.1-3; SMP 2, 3.

Geometric Sequences as Exponential Functions: Recognize geometric sequences as exponential functions on integer domains and select an explicit rule or requested term. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: F-IF.A.3; F-BF.A.2; SMP 2, 7 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Advanced Math: Nonlinear functions: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Advanced Math: Nonlinear functions; CCSS-M: F-IF.A.3; F-BF.A.2; SMP 2, 7.

Polynomial Zeros, Multiplicity, and End Behavior: Use factored form and graphs to identify polynomial zeros, multiplicity behavior, and qualitative end behavior. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: A-APR.B.3; F-IF.C.7c; SMP 2, 7 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Advanced Math: Nonlinear functions: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Advanced Math: Nonlinear functions; CCSS-M: A-APR.B.3; F-IF.C.7c; SMP 2, 7.

Basic Rational Function Features: Analyze basic rational functions for domain restrictions, intercepts, and vertical or horizontal asymptotic behavior. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: F-IF.B.4-5; F-IF.C.7d; SMP 2, 7 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Advanced Math: Nonlinear functions: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Advanced Math: Nonlinear functions; CCSS-M: F-IF.B.4-5; F-IF.C.7d; SMP 2, 7.

Absolute Value and Radical Function Features: Identify key features of absolute value and radical function graphs, including vertices or endpoints, symmetry, and domains. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: F-IF.C.7b; F-BF.B.3; SMP 2, 7 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Advanced Math: Nonlinear functions: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Advanced Math: Nonlinear functions; CCSS-M: F-IF.C.7b; F-BF.B.3; SMP 2, 7.

Transformations of Nonlinear Function Graphs: Select the graph or equation resulting from horizontal or vertical translations, reflections, and stretches of a nonlinear function. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: F-BF.B.3; F-IF.C.7; SMP 2, 5, 7 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Advanced Math: Nonlinear functions: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Advanced Math: Nonlinear functions; CCSS-M: F-BF.B.3; F-IF.C.7; SMP 2, 5, 7.

Forming and Comparing Ratios: Form, simplify, and compare ratios, including part-to-part and part-to-whole relationships. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice - CCSS-M: 6.RP.A.1-3; 7.RP.A.2; SMP 2, 4 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Problem-Solving and Data Analysis: Ratios, rates, proportional relationships, and units.

Solving Proportions: Solve proportions and select the missing value or equivalent relationship. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: 7.RP.A.2; A-CED.A.1; SMP 1, 6 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Problem-Solving and Data Analysis: Ratios, rates, proportional relationships, and units: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Problem-Solving and Data Analysis: Ratios, rates, proportional relationships, and units; CCSS-M: 7.RP.A.2; A-CED.A.1; SMP 1, 6.

Unit Rates: Compute and interpret unit rates from numerical, tabular, graphical, or verbal information. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: 6.RP.A.2-3; 7.RP.A.1; SMP 2, 4 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Problem-Solving and Data Analysis: Ratios, rates, proportional relationships, and units: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Problem-Solving and Data Analysis: Ratios, rates, proportional relationships, and units; CCSS-M: 6.RP.A.2-3; 7.RP.A.1; SMP 2, 4.

Distance, Time, Work, Flow, and Other Combined Rates: Solve rate problems involving distance, time, work, flow, production, or other combined units. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice; CCSS-M: 7.RP.A.1; N-Q.A.1; SMP 1, 4 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Problem-Solving and Data Analysis: Ratios, rates, proportional relationships, and units.

One-Step and Multistep Unit Conversions: Perform one-step and multistep conversions within and between measurement systems. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice; CCSS-M: 6.RP.A.3d; N-Q.A.1; SMP 1, 6 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Problem-Solving and Data Analysis: Ratios, rates, proportional relationships, and units.

Dimensional Analysis and Unit Cancellation: Use dimensional analysis to select a conversion chain whose units cancel correctly. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice; CCSS-M: N-Q.A.1-3; SMP 2, 6; College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Problem-Solving and Data Analysis: Ratios, rates, proportional relationships, and units.

Scale Drawings, Maps, Blueprints, and Models: Use scales in drawings, maps, blueprints, and models to determine actual or represented lengths. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: 7.G.A.1; G-SRT.A.1; SMP 2, 4 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Problem-Solving and Data Analysis: Ratios, rates, proportional relationships, and units: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Problem-Solving and Data Analysis: Ratios, rates, proportional relationships, and units; CCSS-M: 7.G.A.1; G-SRT.A.1; SMP 2, 4.

Density, Concentration, Population Density, and Cost per Unit: Compute and interpret derived rates such as density, concentration, population density, fuel efficiency, or cost per unit. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice; CCSS-M: 6.RP.A.3; N-Q.A.1-2; SMP 2, 4; College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Problem-Solving and Data Analysis: Ratios, rates, proportional relationships, and units.

Direct Proportional Relationships: Identify and model direct proportional relationships using a constant of proportionality. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice; CCSS-M: 7.RP.A.2; 8.EE.B.5; SMP 2, 4 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Problem-Solving and Data Analysis: Ratios, rates, proportional relationships, and units.

Inverse Proportional Relationships: Recognize and solve inverse proportional relationships in which one quantity changes reciprocally with another. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice; CCSS-M: A-CED.A.1; F-BF.A.1; SMP 2, 4; College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Problem-Solving and Data Analysis: Ratios, rates, proportional relationships, and units.

Weighted Averages and Mixtures: Use weighted averages or mixture relationships to select a missing component, average, or blend. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice; CCSS-M: 7.RP.A.3; A-CED.A.1; S-ID.A.2; SMP 1, 4 - Problem-Solving and Data Analysis: Ratios, rates, proportional relationships, and units.

Finding a Percent of a Quantity: Find a percent of a quantity or determine what percent one quantity is of another. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: 6.RP.A.3c; 7.RP.A.3; SMP 2, 6 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Problem-Solving and Data Analysis: Percentages: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Problem-Solving and Data Analysis: Percentages; CCSS-M: 6.RP.A.3c; 7.RP.A.3; SMP 2, 6.

Percent Increase and Percent Decrease: Calculate and interpret percent increase or percent decrease. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: 7.RP.A.3; SMP 1, 4 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Problem-Solving and Data Analysis: Percentages: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Problem-Solving and Data Analysis: Percentages; CCSS-M: 7.RP.A.3; SMP 1, 4.

Reverse Percent Problems: Work backward from a final value after a percent change to determine the original amount. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: 7.RP.A.3; A-CED.A.1; SMP 1, 4 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Problem-Solving and Data Analysis: Percentages: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Problem-Solving and Data Analysis: Percentages; CCSS-M: 7.RP.A.3; A-CED.A.1; SMP 1, 4.

Repeated Percent Change: Analyze repeated percent changes and distinguish them from adding percentage rates. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: 7.RP.A.3; F-LE.A.2; SMP 2, 7 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Problem-Solving and Data Analysis: Percentages: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Problem-Solving and Data Analysis: Percentages; CCSS-M: 7.RP.A.3; F-LE.A.2; SMP 2, 7.

Discounts, Markups, Tax, Tips, Commissions, and Fees: Solve percent applications involving discounts, markups, tax, tips, commissions, and fees. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: 7.RP.A.3; SMP 1, 4 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Problem-Solving and Data Analysis: Percentages: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Problem-Solving and Data Analysis: Percentages; CCSS-M: 7.RP.A.3; SMP 1, 4.

Simple Interest and Single-Period Financial Percentages: Solve simple-interest and other single-period percent-based financial problems. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: 7.RP.A.3; A-CED.A.1; SMP 1, 4 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Problem-Solving and Data Analysis: Percentages: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Problem-Solving and Data Analysis: Percentages; CCSS-M: 7.RP.A.3; A-CED.A.1; SMP 1, 4.

Percent Error and Percent Difference: Calculate percent error or percent difference and select the interpretation that matches the comparison. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: 7.RP.A.3; N-Q.A.3; SMP 2, 6 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Problem-Solving and Data Analysis: Percentages: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Problem-Solving and Data Analysis: Percentages; CCSS-M: 7.RP.A.3; N-Q.A.3; SMP 2, 6.

Percentage Points versus Percent Change: Distinguish a change in percentage points from a percent change. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice - CCSS-M: 7.RP.A.3; SMP 2, 6 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Problem-Solving and Data Analysis: Percentages: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Problem-Solving and Data Analysis: Percentages; CCSS-M: 7.RP.A.3; SMP 2, 6.

Reading Tables, Dot Plots, Histograms, and Box Plots: Read and compare data in tables, dot plots, line plots, histograms, and box plots. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: 6.SP.B.4-5; 7.SP.B.3; S-ID.A.1; SMP 2, 5 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Problem-Solving and Data Analysis: One-variable data: distributions and measures of center and spread: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Problem-Solving and Data Analysis: One-variable data: distributions and measures of center and spread; CCSS-M: 6.SP.B.4-5; 7.SP.B.3; S-ID.A.1; SMP 2, 5.

Mean, Median, and Mode: Calculate and interpret mean, median, and mode, selecting the measure requested or most appropriate. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: 6.SP.B.5c; S-ID.A.2; SMP 2, 6 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Problem-Solving and Data Analysis: One-variable data: distributions and measures of center and spread: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Problem-Solving and Data Analysis: One-variable data: distributions and measures of center and spread; CCSS-M: 6.SP.B.5c; S-ID.A.2; SMP 2, 6.

Range and Interquartile Range: Calculate and interpret range and interquartile range as measures of spread. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: 6.SP.B.5c; 7.SP.B.3; S-ID.A.2; SMP 2, 6 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Problem-Solving and Data Analysis: One-variable data: distributions and measures of center and spread: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Problem-Solving and Data Analysis: One-variable data: distributions and measures of center and spread; CCSS-M: 6.SP.B.5c; 7.SP.B.3; S-ID.A.2; SMP 2, 6.

Standard Deviation and Variability: Compare standard deviations qualitatively or quantitatively and select the distribution with greater variability. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: S-ID.A.2; S-ID.A.4; SMP 2, 6 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Problem-Solving and Data Analysis: One-variable data: distributions and measures of center and spread.

Effects of Outliers and Data Changes: Predict how adding, removing, or changing a data value - especially an outlier - affects center and spread. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: S-ID.A.2-3; SMP 2, 3 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Problem-Solving and Data Analysis: One-variable data: distributions and measures of center and spread: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Problem-Solving and Data Analysis: One-variable data: distributions and measures of center and spread; CCSS-M: S-ID.A.2-3; SMP 2, 3.

Comparing Distributions by Shape, Center, and Spread: Compare two distributions by shape, center, and spread and select a supported conclusion. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: 7.SP.B.3-4; S-ID.A.3; SMP 2, 3 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Problem-Solving and Data Analysis: One-variable data: distributions and measures of center and spread: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Problem-Solving and Data Analysis: One-variable data: distributions and measures of center and spread; CCSS-M: 7.SP.B.3-4; S-ID.A.3; SMP 2, 3.

Frequency Tables and Weighted Means: Use frequency tables or grouped data to determine counts, proportions, or weighted means. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: 6.SP.B.5; S-ID.A.1-2; SMP 2, 4 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Problem-Solving and Data Analysis: One-variable data: distributions and measures of center and spread: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Problem-Solving and Data Analysis: One-variable data: distributions and measures of center and spread; CCSS-M: 6.SP.B.5; S-ID.A.1-2; SMP 2, 4.

Distribution Shape, Clusters, Gaps, and Outliers: Identify distribution shape, clusters, gaps, and outliers and connect these features to summary measures. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: 6.SP.A.2-3; S-ID.A.1-3; SMP 2, 3 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Problem-Solving and Data Analysis: One-variable data: distributions and measures of center and spread: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Problem-Solving and Data Analysis: One-variable data: distributions and measures of center and spread; CCSS-M: 6.SP.A.2-3; S-ID.A.1-3; SMP 2, 3.

Selecting Appropriate Measures of Center and Spread: Select the most appropriate measure of center or spread for a data set and purpose. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice; CCSS-M: S-ID.A.2-3; SMP 2, 3 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Problem-Solving and Data Analysis: One-variable data: distributions and measures of center and spread.

Scatterplot Direction, Form, and Strength: Interpret the direction, form, and strength of association in a scatterplot. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: 8.SP.A.1; S-ID.B.6; SMP 2, 3 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Problem-Solving and Data Analysis: Two-variable data: models and scatterplots.

Lines of Best Fit: Choose or use a line of best fit to model bivariate data. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: 8.SP.A.2; S-ID.B.6; S-ID.C.7; SMP 2, 5 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Problem-Solving and Data Analysis: Two-variable data: models and scatterplots: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Problem-Solving and Data Analysis: Two-variable data: models and scatterplots; CCSS-M: 8.SP.A.2; S-ID.B.6; S-ID.C.7; SMP 2, 5.

Interpreting Slope and Intercept of a Data Model: Interpret the slope and intercept of a linear data model and use the model to make predictions. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: 8.SP.A.3; S-ID.C.7-8; SMP 2, 4 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Problem-Solving and Data Analysis: Two-variable data: models and scatterplots; CCSS-M: 8.SP.A.3; S-ID.C.7-8; SMP 2, 4.

Interpolation, Extrapolation, and Prediction Limits: Distinguish interpolation from extrapolation and judge whether a model-based prediction is reasonable. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: S-ID.C.7-8; F-IF.B.5; SMP 2, 3 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Problem-Solving and Data Analysis: Two-variable data: models and scatterplots.

Residuals and Model Fit: Interpret residuals and select the model or line that better fits the data. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: S-ID.B.6b; S-ID.C.8; SMP 2, 3 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Problem-Solving and Data Analysis: Two-variable data: models and scatterplots: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Problem-Solving and Data Analysis: Two-variable data: models and scatterplots; CCSS-M: S-ID.B.6b; S-ID.C.8; SMP 2, 3.

Comparing Linear and Exponential Data Models: Compare linear and exponential models for the same data and choose the model supported by the pattern. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice; CCSS-M: F-LE.A.1-3; S-ID.B.6; SMP 2, 3; College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Problem-Solving and Data Analysis: Two-variable data: models and scatterplots: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Problem-Solving and Data Analysis: Two-variable data: models and scatterplots; CCSS-M: F-LE.A.1-3; S-ID.B.6; SMP 2, 3.

Simple Probability: Compute simple probabilities from equally likely outcomes, lists, tables, or diagrams. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: 7.SP.C.5-7; SMP 2, 6 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Problem-Solving and Data Analysis: Probability and conditional probability.

Complementary Events: Use the complement rule to find the probability that an event does not occur. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice; CCSS-M: 7.SP.C.5-7; S-CP.A.1; SMP 2, 7; College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Problem-Solving and Data Analysis: Probability and conditional probability.

Compound Probability: Find probabilities of compound events using organized lists, tables, tree diagrams, or multiplication and addition rules. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice; CCSS-M: 7.SP.C.8; S-CP.B.6-7; SMP 1, 4 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Problem-Solving and Data Analysis: Probability and conditional probability.

Conditional Probability: Determine conditional probability and distinguish it from an unconditional probability. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: S-CP.A.3-5; S-CP.B.6; SMP 2, 3 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Problem-Solving and Data Analysis: Probability and conditional probability: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Problem-Solving and Data Analysis: Probability and conditional probability; CCSS-M: S-CP.A.3-5; S-CP.B.6; SMP 2, 3.

Two-Way Tables and Relative Frequency: Use two-way tables and relative frequencies to calculate joint, marginal, and conditional probabilities. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: 8.SP.A.4; S-ID.B.5; S-CP.A.4; SMP 2, 4 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Problem-Solving and Data Analysis: Probability and conditional probability. Curriculum skill label: PSAT.133.

Representative Samples and Sampling Bias: Evaluate whether a sample is random and representative, and identify sampling methods likely to introduce bias. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: 7.SP.A.1-2; S-IC.A.1-2; S-IC.B.3; SMP 2, 3 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Problem-Solving and Data Analysis: Inference from sample statistics.

Population Estimates from Sample Statistics: Use sample statistics to estimate a population count, proportion, mean, or comparative tendency, while recognizing that different random samples can vary. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: 7.SP.A.1-2; S-IC.A.1-2; S-IC.B.4; SMP 2, 4 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Problem-Solving and Data Analysis: Inference from sample statistics: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Problem-Solving and Data Analysis: Inference from sample statistics; CCSS-M: 7.SP.A.1-2; S-IC.A.1-2; S-IC.B.4; SMP 2, 4.

Perimeter and Area of Basic Polygons: Calculate perimeter and area of rectangles, parallelograms, and other basic polygons from given dimensions. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: 6.G.A.1; 7.G.B.4-6; G-MG.A.1-2; SMP 1, 4 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Geometry and Trigonometry: Area and volume: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Geometry and Trigonometry: Area and volume; CCSS-M: 6.G.A.1; 7.G.B.4-6; G-MG.A.1-2; SMP 1, 4.

Area of Triangles, Trapezoids, and Polygons: Calculate areas of triangles, trapezoids, and regular or irregular polygons using decomposition or formulas. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: 6.G.A.1; 7.G.B.6; G-MG.A.1-2; SMP 1, 4 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Geometry and Trigonometry: Area and volume: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Geometry and Trigonometry: Area and volume; CCSS-M: 6.G.A.1; 7.G.B.6; G-MG.A.1-2; SMP 1, 4.

Composite and Shaded Area: Find the area of composite or shaded figures by adding or subtracting component areas. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: 6.G.A.1; 7.G.B.6; G-MG.A.1-2; SMP 1, 7 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Geometry and Trigonometry: Area and volume: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Geometry and Trigonometry: Area and volume; CCSS-M: 6.G.A.1; 7.G.B.6; G-MG.A.1-2; SMP 1, 7.

Surface Area of Three-Dimensional Figures: Calculate surface area of prisms, cylinders, pyramids, or cones from nets or dimensions. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice - CCSS-M: 6.G.A.4; 7.G.B.6; G-GMD.A.1-3; SMP 1, 4 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Geometry and Trigonometry: Area and volume: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Geometry and Trigonometry: Area and volume; CCSS-M: 6.G.A.4; 7.G.B.6; G-GMD.A.1-3; SMP 1, 4.

Volume of Prisms and Cylinders: Calculate volume of right prisms and cylinders and solve for a missing dimension. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: 6.G.A.2; 7.G.B.6; G-GMD.A.3; SMP 1, 4 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Geometry and Trigonometry: Area and volume: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Geometry and Trigonometry: Area and volume; CCSS-M: 6.G.A.2; 7.G.B.6; G-GMD.A.3; SMP 1, 4.

Volume of Pyramids and Cones: Calculate volume of pyramids and cones and compare them with related prisms or cylinders. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: G-GMD.A.1-3; SMP 1, 4 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Geometry and Trigonometry: Area and volume: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Geometry and Trigonometry: Area and volume; CCSS-M: G-GMD.A.1-3; SMP 1, 4.

Volume of Spheres and Composite Solids: Calculate volume of spheres or composite solids when the needed formula is provided or available on the reference sheet. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: G-GMD.A.3; G-MG.A.1-2; SMP 1, 4 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Geometry and Trigonometry: Area and volume: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Geometry and Trigonometry: Area and volume; CCSS-M: G-GMD.A.3; G-MG.A.1-2; SMP 1, 4.

Scale Factors for Length, Area, and Volume: Apply scale factors to lengths and determine the resulting changes in perimeter, area, surface area, or volume. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: 7.G.A.1; G-SRT.A.1-2; G-MG.A.3; SMP 2, 7 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Geometry and Trigonometry: Area and volume: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Geometry and Trigonometry: Area and volume; CCSS-M: 7.G.A.1; G-SRT.A.1-2; G-MG.A.3; SMP 2, 7.

Complementary, Supplementary, Vertical, and Adjacent Angles: Use complementary, supplementary, vertical, and adjacent angle relationships to determine unknown measures. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: 7.G.B.5; 8.G.A.5; G-CO.C.9; SMP 1, 7 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Geometry and Trigonometry: Lines, angles, and triangles: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Geometry and Trigonometry: Lines, angles, and triangles; CCSS-M: 7.G.B.5; 8.G.A.5; G-CO.C.9; SMP 1, 7.

Parallel Lines Cut by a Transversal: Use corresponding, alternate, and same-side interior angle relationships formed by parallel lines and a transversal. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: 8.G.A.5; G-CO.C.9; SMP 1, 7 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Geometry and Trigonometry: Lines, angles, and triangles: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Geometry and Trigonometry: Lines, angles, and triangles; CCSS-M: 8.G.A.5; G-CO.C.9; SMP 1, 7.

Triangle Angle Sum and Exterior Angles: Use triangle angle-sum and exterior-angle relationships to determine unknown angles. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: 8.G.A.5; G-CO.C.10; SMP 1, 7 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Geometry and Trigonometry: Lines, angles, and triangles: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Geometry and Trigonometry: Lines, angles, and triangles; CCSS-M: 8.G.A.5; G-CO.C.10; SMP 1, 7.

Triangle Congruence and Corresponding Parts: Use triangle congruence and corresponding parts to select valid conclusions or missing measures. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: 8.G.A.2; G-CO.B.6-8; G-CO.C.10; SMP 2, 3 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Geometry and Trigonometry: Lines, angles, and triangles: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Geometry and Trigonometry: Lines, angles, and triangles; CCSS-M: 8.G.A.2; G-CO.B.6-8; G-CO.C.10; SMP 2, 3.

Triangle Similarity Criteria: Use triangle similarity criteria to identify similar triangles and select valid corresponding relationships. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: 8.G.A.4-5; G-SRT.A.2-3; SMP 2, 3 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Geometry and Trigonometry: Lines, angles, and triangles: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Geometry and Trigonometry: Lines, angles, and triangles; CCSS-M: 8.G.A.4-5; G-SRT.A.2-3; SMP 2, 3.

Proportions in Similar Figures: Solve proportions involving corresponding sides of similar triangles or other similar figures. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: 7.G.A.1; 8.G.A.4; G-SRT.B.5; SMP 1, 4 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Geometry and Trigonometry: Lines, angles, and triangles: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Geometry and Trigonometry: Lines, angles, and triangles; CCSS-M: 7.G.A.1; 8.G.A.4; G-SRT.B.5; SMP 1, 4.

Triangle Inequality and Side-Angle Relationships: Apply triangle inequality and side-angle relationships to determine possible side lengths or relative angle measures. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: 7.G.A.2; G-CO.C.10; SMP 1, 7 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Geometry and Trigonometry: Lines, angles, and triangles: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Geometry and Trigonometry: Lines, angles, and triangles; CCSS-M: 7.G.A.2; G-CO.C.10; SMP 1, 7.

Coordinate Geometry: Distance and Midpoint: Use coordinate geometry to calculate distance and midpoint or to verify properties of a geometric figure. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: 8.G.B.8; G-GPE.B.6-7; SMP 1, 4 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Geometry and Trigonometry: Lines, angles, and triangles: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Geometry and Trigonometry: Lines, angles, and triangles; CCSS-M: 8.G.B.8; G-GPE.B.6-7; SMP 1, 4.

Coordinate Geometry: Parallel and Perpendicular Lines: Use slope to determine whether lines are parallel or perpendicular and connect algebraic and geometric representations. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: 8.EE.B.5-6; G-GPE.B.5; SMP 2, 7 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Geometry and Trigonometry: Lines, angles, and triangles: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Geometry and Trigonometry: Lines, angles, and triangles; CCSS-M: 8.EE.B.5-6; G-GPE.B.5; SMP 2, 7.

Transformations, Congruence, and Similarity: Recognize translations, rotations, reflections, and dilations and determine whether they preserve congruence or produce similarity. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice; CCSS-M: 8.G.A.1-4; G-SRT.A.1-2; SMP 2, 5; College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Geometry and Trigonometry: Lines, angles, and triangles.

Pythagorean Theorem: Apply the Pythagorean theorem to find a missing side in a right triangle or a diagonal in a figure. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: 8.G.B.7; G-SRT.C.8; SMP 1, 4 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Geometry and Trigonometry: Right triangles and right triangle trigonometry.

Converse of the Pythagorean Theorem: Use the converse of the Pythagorean theorem to classify a triangle as right, acute, or obtuse. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: 8.G.B.6; G-SRT.C.8; SMP 1, 7 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Geometry and Trigonometry: Right triangles and right triangle trigonometry: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Geometry and Trigonometry: Right triangles and right triangle trigonometry; CCSS-M: 8.G.B.6; G-SRT.C.8; SMP 1, 7.

Special Right Triangles: Use 45-45-90 and 30-60-90 triangle relationships to determine exact side lengths. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: G-SRT.B.5; G-SRT.C.8; SMP 1, 7 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Geometry and Trigonometry: Right triangles and right triangle trigonometry: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Geometry and Trigonometry: Right triangles and right triangle trigonometry; CCSS-M: G-SRT.B.5; G-SRT.C.8; SMP 1, 7. Curriculum skill label: PSAT.156.

Sine, Cosine, and Tangent Ratios: Choose and apply sine, cosine, or tangent to relate acute angles and side lengths in a right triangle. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: G-SRT.C.6-8; SMP 1, 4 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Geometry and Trigonometry: Right triangles and right triangle trigonometry: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Geometry and Trigonometry: Right triangles and right triangle trigonometry; CCSS-M: G-SRT.C.6-8; SMP 1, 4.

Solving Right Triangles for Missing Sides: Solve right-triangle problems for missing side lengths using trigonometric ratios. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: G-SRT.C.6-8; SMP 1, 4 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Geometry and Trigonometry: Right triangles and right triangle trigonometry: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Geometry and Trigonometry: Right triangles and right triangle trigonometry; CCSS-M: G-SRT.C.6-8; SMP 1, 4.

Solving Right Triangles for Missing Angles: Solve right-triangle problems for missing angle measures using inverse trigonometric relationships.. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: G-SRT.C.6-8; SMP 1, 5 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Geometry and Trigonometry: Right triangles and right triangle trigonometry: College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Geometry and Trigonometry: Right triangles and right triangle trigonometry; CCSS-M: G-SRT.C.6-8; SMP 1, 5.

Geometric Modeling and Applications: Model real-world situations with geometric figures, formulas, similarity, the Pythagorean theorem, or right-triangle trigonometry and select a solution with correct units. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math; Common Core State Standards for Mathematics; Standards for Mathematical Practice CCSS-M: G-MG.A.1-3; G-SRT.B.5; G-SRT.C.8; SMP 1, 4, 6 - College Board Digital PSAT/NMSQT Math - Geometry and Trigonometry: Area and volume; lines, angles, and triangles; right triangles and right triangle trigonometry.

Sentence Core: Subjects and Finite Predicates: Which choice produces a conventionally complete sentence containing a clear subject and at least one finite verb that functions as the predicate?. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries and Form, Structure, and Sense; CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2 - Standard English Conventions — Boundaries and Form, Structure, and Sense: CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries and Form, Structure, and Sense; CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2.

Independent Clauses: Which option correctly identifies or completes a clause that can stand alone as a sentence and express a complete thought? Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries (Between Sentences); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2a-b; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2 - Standard English Conventions — Boundaries (Between Sentences): CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries (Between Sentences); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2a-b; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2.

Dependent Clauses: Which choice recognizes a clause made subordinate by a word such as although, because, when, that, or which and connects it to a main clause?. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries (Between Sentences); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2a-b; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2 - Standard English Conventions — Boundaries (Between Sentences): CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries (Between Sentences); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2a-b; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2.

Phrases versus Clauses: Which option distinguishes a phrase from a clause by determining whether the word group contains both a subject and a finite verb? Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy — CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries and Form, Structure, and Sense; CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2 — Standard English Conventions — Boundaries and Form, Structure, and Sense.

Finite Verbs versus Verbals: Which choice distinguishes a tense-bearing verb from a gerund, participle, or infinitive so that the sentence has the required predicate? Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Verb Finiteness); CCSS L.9-10.1, L.11-12.1 - Standard English Conventions — Form, Structure, and Sense (Verb Finiteness): CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Verb Finiteness); CCSS L.9-10.1, L.11-12.1.

Main Clauses in Complex Sentences: Which option correctly locates the main clause when introductory phrases, subordinate clauses, or parenthetical material separate key sentence elements? Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries and Form, Structure, and Sense; CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2 - Standard English Conventions — Boundaries and Form, Structure, and Sense: CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries and Form, Structure, and Sense; CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2.

Simple Sentence Structure: Which choice forms one complete independent clause, even when the sentence contains compound subjects, verbs, or objects? Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries (Between Sentences); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2a-b; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2 - Standard English Conventions — Boundaries (Between Sentences): CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries (Between Sentences); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2a-b; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2.

Compound Sentence Structure: Which option correctly joins two independent clauses without creating a comma splice, fused sentence, or fragment?. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries (Between Sentences); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2a-b; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2 - Standard English Conventions — Boundaries (Between Sentences): CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries (Between Sentences); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2a-b; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2.

Complex Sentence Structure: Which choice correctly combines one independent clause with one or more dependent clauses and punctuates the relationship appropriately?. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries and Form, Structure, and Sense; CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2 - Standard English Conventions — Boundaries and Form, Structure, and Sense: CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries and Form, Structure, and Sense; CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2.

Compound-Complex Sentence Structure: Which option correctly coordinates multiple independent clauses while also incorporating one or more dependent clauses?. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries and Form, Structure, and Sense; CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2 - Standard English Conventions — Boundaries and Form, Structure, and Sense: CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries and Form, Structure, and Sense; CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2.

Essential and Supplementary Information: Which choice correctly determines whether information is necessary to identify a noun or merely adds nonessential detail, and punctuates it accordingly? Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries (Within Sentences); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2a-b; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2 - Standard English Conventions — Boundaries (Within Sentences): CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries (Within Sentences); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2a-b; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2.

Structural Analysis of Answer Choices: Which option best uses clause structure, verb form, and punctuation to produce a complete and logically coherent sentence? Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries and Form, Structure, and Sense; CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2 - Standard English Conventions — Boundaries and Form, Structure, and Sense: CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries and Form, Structure, and Sense; CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2.

Subordinate-Clause Fragments: Which choice correctly attaches a clause beginning with a subordinating word to an independent clause so that the result is complete? Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy - CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries (Between Sentences); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2a-b; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2 - Standard English Conventions — Boundaries (Between Sentences).

Relative-Clause Fragments: Which option correctly integrates a who, which, or that clause into a complete sentence rather than leaving it to stand alone? Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries (Between Sentences); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2a-b; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2 - Standard English Conventions — Boundaries (Between Sentences): CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries (Between Sentences); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2a-b; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2.

Missing-Subject Fragments: Which choice supplies or preserves the subject required by the main verb without introducing redundancy?. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries (Between Sentences); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2a-b; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2 - Standard English Conventions — Boundaries (Between Sentences): CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries (Between Sentences); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2a-b; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2.

Missing-Finite-Verb Fragments: Which option supplies or preserves a finite main verb when the sentence otherwise contains only nouns, modifiers, or verbals?. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries (Between Sentences); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2a-b; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2 - Standard English Conventions — Boundaries (Between Sentences): CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries (Between Sentences); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2a-b; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2.

Verbal-Phrase and Appositive Fragments: Which choice correctly attaches an -ing phrase, -ed phrase, infinitive phrase, or appositive to a complete clause? Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries (Between Sentences); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2a-b; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2 - Standard English Conventions — Boundaries (Between Sentences): CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries (Between Sentences); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2a-b; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2.

Fused Sentences: Which option correctly separates or joins two independent clauses that have been run together without punctuation or a conjunction?. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries (Between Sentences); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2a-b; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2 - Standard English Conventions — Boundaries (Between Sentences): CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries (Between Sentences); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2a-b; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2.

Comma Splices: Which choice repairs two independent clauses joined only by a comma while preserving the intended relationship? Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries (Between Sentences); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2a-b; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2 - Standard English Conventions — Boundaries (Between Sentences): CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries (Between Sentences); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2a-b; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2.

Periods Between Independent Clauses: Which option correctly uses a period to mark a complete sentence boundary and begins the next sentence appropriately? Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy - CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries (Between Sentences); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2a-b; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2 - Standard English Conventions — Boundaries (Between Sentences): CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries (Between Sentences); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2a-b; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2.

Semicolons Between Independent Clauses: Which choice correctly uses a semicolon between closely related independent clauses without a coordinating conjunction?. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries (Between Sentences); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2a-b; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2 - Standard English Conventions — Boundaries (Between Sentences): CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries (Between Sentences); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2a-b; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2.

Comma Plus Coordinating Conjunction: Which option correctly uses a comma and for, and, nor, but, or, yet, or so to join two independent clauses? Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries (Within Sentences); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2a-b; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2 - Standard English Conventions — Boundaries (Within Sentences): CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries (Within Sentences); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2a-b; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2.

Conjunctive Adverbs Between Clauses: Which choice correctly places a semicolon before and a comma after a conjunctive adverb such as however, therefore, or moreover when it links independent clauses? Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries (Within Sentences); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2a-b; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2 - Standard English Conventions — Boundaries (Within Sentences): CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries (Within Sentences); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2a-b; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2.

Coordinating Conjunctions Within One Clause: Which option avoids an unnecessary comma when a coordinating conjunction joins words, phrases, or predicates rather than two independent clauses? Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries (Within Sentences); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2a-b; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2 - Standard English Conventions — Boundaries (Within Sentences): CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries (Within Sentences); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2a-b; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2.

Introductory Dependent Clauses: Which choice correctly uses a comma after a dependent clause that precedes the main clause?. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries (Within Sentences); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2a-b; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2 - Standard English Conventions — Boundaries (Within Sentences): CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries (Within Sentences); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2a-b; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2.

Essential Dependent Clauses After Main Clauses: Which option correctly omits a comma before a dependent clause that is essential to the meaning and follows the main clause. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries (Within Sentences); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2a-b; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2 - Standard English Conventions — Boundaries (Within Sentences): CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries (Within Sentences); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2a-b; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2.

Clauses Expressing Explanation or Elaboration: Which choice correctly uses a colon after a complete clause when the following clause explains, defines, or illustrates it? Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries (Within Sentences); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2a-b; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2 - Standard English Conventions — Boundaries (Within Sentences): CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries (Within Sentences); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2a-b; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2.

Emphatic Clause Breaks: Which option correctly uses a dash to introduce an abrupt explanation, consequence, or concluding emphasis after a complete clause? Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy — CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries (Within Sentences); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2a-b; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2 — Standard English Conventions — Boundaries (Within Sentences).

End Punctuation and Sentence Function: Which choice uses a period, question mark, or exclamation point that matches the sentence's grammatical function and context? Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy; CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries (Between Sentences); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2a-b; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2.

Competing Boundary Choices: Which option best selects among a period, semicolon, comma-conjunction, colon, dash, comma, or no punctuation by analyzing the clauses on both sides? Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries and Form, Structure, and Sense; CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2 - Standard English Conventions — Boundaries and Form, Structure, and Sense: CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries and Form, Structure, and Sense; CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2.

Identifying Supplementary Information: Which choice recognizes a word, phrase, or clause that can be removed without changing the sentence's core meaning and sets it off appropriately?. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries (Within Sentences); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2a-b; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2 - Standard English Conventions — Boundaries (Within Sentences): CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries (Within Sentences); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2a-b; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2.

Introductory Supplementary Elements: Which option correctly punctuates a nonessential word, phrase, or clause that appears before the main sentence?. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries (Within Sentences); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2a-b; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2 - Standard English Conventions — Boundaries (Within Sentences): CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries (Within Sentences); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2a-b; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2.

End-Position Supplementary Elements: Which choice correctly uses a comma or dash to set off nonessential information added at the end of a complete sentence? Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries (Within Sentences); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2a-b; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2 - Standard English Conventions — Boundaries (Within Sentences): CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries (Within Sentences); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2a-b; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2.

Internal Supplements with Paired Commas: Which option correctly encloses a neutral, nonessential interruption with two commas? Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries (Within Sentences); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2a-b; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2 - Standard English Conventions — Boundaries (Within Sentences): CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries (Within Sentences); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2a-b; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2.

Internal Supplements with Paired Dashes: Which choice correctly encloses an emphatic or abrupt interruption with two dashes?. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries (Within Sentences); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2a-b; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2 - Standard English Conventions — Boundaries (Within Sentences): CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries (Within Sentences); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2a-b; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2.

Internal Supplements with Parentheses: Which option correctly encloses incidental or lower-emphasis information with parentheses? Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries (Within Sentences); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2a-b; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2 - Standard English Conventions — Boundaries (Within Sentences): CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries (Within Sentences); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2a-b; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2.

Nonrestrictive Relative Clauses: Which choice correctly sets off a nonessential who, which, or whose clause with paired punctuation? Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy - CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries (Within Sentences); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2a-b; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2 - Standard English Conventions — Boundaries (Within Sentences): CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries (Within Sentences); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2a-b; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2.

Restrictive Relative Clauses: Which option correctly leaves an essential identifying clause unpunctuated? Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries (Within Sentences); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2a-b; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2 - Standard English Conventions — Boundaries (Within Sentences): CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries (Within Sentences); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2a-b; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2.

Nonessential Appositives: Which choice correctly punctuates a noun or noun phrase that renames another noun but is not needed to identify it? Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries (Within Sentences); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2a-b; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2 - Standard English Conventions — Boundaries (Within Sentences): CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries (Within Sentences); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2a-b; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2.

Essential Appositives: Which option correctly omits punctuation around a title, name, or noun phrase required to identify the referent?. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries (Within Sentences); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2a-b; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2 - Standard English Conventions — Boundaries (Within Sentences): CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries (Within Sentences); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2a-b; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2.

Supplementary Participial Phrases: Which choice correctly punctuates an -ing or -ed phrase that adds nonessential information about a nearby noun?. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries (Within Sentences); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2a-b; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2 - Standard English Conventions — Boundaries (Within Sentences): CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries (Within Sentences); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2a-b; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2.

Parenthetical Adverbs and Interrupters: Which option correctly sets off words such as however, therefore, in fact, or for example when they interrupt a clause rather than connect complete sentences? Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries (Within Sentences); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2a-b; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2 - Standard English Conventions — Boundaries (Within Sentences): CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries (Within Sentences); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2a-b; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2.

Punctuation Consistency Around Supplements: Which choice uses a complete and matching pair of commas, dashes, or parentheses around an internal supplement? Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries (Within Sentences); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2a-b; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2 - Standard English Conventions — Boundaries (Within Sentences): CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries (Within Sentences); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2a-b; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2.

Commas After Introductory Words: Which option correctly uses a comma after a brief introductory transition, adverb, or interjection when one is conventionally required? Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries (Within Sentences); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2a-b; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2 - Standard English Conventions — Boundaries (Within Sentences): CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries (Within Sentences); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2a-b; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2.

Commas After Introductory Phrases: Which choice correctly separates a substantial introductory prepositional, participial, infinitive, or absolute phrase from the main clause? Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries (Within Sentences); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2a-b; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2 - Standard English Conventions — Boundaries (Within Sentences): CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries (Within Sentences); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2a-b; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2.

Commas After Introductory Clauses: Which option correctly separates an introductory adverb clause from the independent clause that follows? Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries (Within Sentences); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2a-b; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2 - Standard English Conventions — Boundaries (Within Sentences): CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries (Within Sentences); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2a-b; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2.

Series of Words, Phrases, and Clauses: Which choice uses commas to separate three or more parallel items without splitting a grammatical unit?. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries (Within Sentences); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2a-b; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2 - Standard English Conventions — Boundaries (Within Sentences): CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries (Within Sentences); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2a-b; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2.

Semicolons in Complex Series: Which option uses semicolons to separate list items that already contain commas or other internal punctuation? Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries (Within Sentences); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2a-b; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2 - Standard English Conventions — Boundaries (Within Sentences): CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries (Within Sentences); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2a-b; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2.

Colons Introducing Lists: Which choice uses a colon only after a complete clause to introduce a list that elaborates on that clause?. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries (Within Sentences); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2a-b; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2 - Standard English Conventions — Boundaries (Within Sentences): CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries (Within Sentences); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2a-b; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2.

Colons Introducing Explanations or Renamings: Which option correctly uses a colon to introduce an example, explanation, quotation, or noun phrase that clarifies a complete clause? Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries (Within Sentences); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2a-b; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2 - Standard English Conventions — Boundaries (Within Sentences): CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries (Within Sentences); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2a-b; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2.

Incomplete Lead-Ins Before Colons: Which choice avoids a colon after a verb, preposition, or sentence opening that has not yet formed a complete clause? Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy — CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries (Within Sentences); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2a-b; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2 — Standard English Conventions — Boundaries (Within Sentences).

Unnecessary Punctuation Within Grammatical Units: Which option correctly omits punctuation between a subject and predicate, verb and object or complement, preposition and object, or coordinated elements? Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries (Within Sentences); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2a-b; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2 - Standard English Conventions — Boundaries (Within Sentences): CB PSAT RW: SEC—Boundaries (Within Sentences); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.9-10.2a-b; L.11-12.1a, L.11-12.2.

Basic Singular and Plural Agreement: Which choice pairs a singular subject with a singular verb and a plural subject with a plural verb? Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Subject-Verb Agreement); CCSS L.9-10.1, L.11-12.1 - Standard English Conventions — Form, Structure, and Sense (Subject-Verb Agreement): CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Subject-Verb Agreement); CCSS L.9-10.1, L.11-12.1.

Agreement Across Prepositional Phrases: Which option identifies the true subject and ignores nouns inside intervening prepositional phrases when selecting the verb? Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Subject-Verb Agreement); CCSS L.9-10.1, L.11-12.1 - Standard English Conventions — Form, Structure, and Sense (Subject-Verb Agreement): CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Subject-Verb Agreement); CCSS L.9-10.1, L.11-12.1.

Agreement Across Appositives and Parentheticals: Which choice maintains agreement when nonessential renaming or interrupting information separates the subject from the verb? Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy; CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Subject-Verb Agreement); CCSS L.9-10.1, L.11-12.1 - Standard English Conventions — Form, Structure, and Sense (Subject-Verb Agreement): CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Subject-Verb Agreement); CCSS L.9-10.1, L.11-12.1.

Agreement Across Relative Clauses: Which option maintains agreement between the main subject and verb when a relative clause contains another noun and verb?. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Subject-Verb Agreement); CCSS L.9-10.1, L.11-12.1 - Standard English Conventions — Form, Structure, and Sense (Subject-Verb Agreement): CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Subject-Verb Agreement); CCSS L.9-10.1, L.11-12.1.

Compound Subjects Joined by And: Which choice uses a plural verb with two or more subjects joined by and unless the subjects name a single unit or idea? Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Subject-Verb Agreement); CCSS L.9-10.1, L.11-12.1 - Standard English Conventions — Form, Structure, and Sense (Subject-Verb Agreement): CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Subject-Verb Agreement); CCSS L.9-10.1, L.11-12.1.

Subjects Joined by Or Nor: Which option makes the verb agree with the nearer subject in a compound construction joined by or, nor, either...or, or neither...nor? Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Subject-Verb Agreement); CCSS L.9-10.1, L.11-12.1 - Standard English Conventions — Form, Structure, and Sense (Subject-Verb Agreement): CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Subject-Verb Agreement); CCSS L.9-10.1, L.11-12.1.

Each, Every, Either, and Neither: Which choice uses singular agreement with each, every, either, or neither when these words determine or function as the subject? Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy; CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Subject-Verb Agreement); CCSS L.9-10.1, L.11-12.1 - Standard English Conventions — Form, Structure, and Sense (Subject-Verb Agreement).

Indefinite-Pronoun Subjects: Which option selects the correct verb for singular, plural, or context-dependent indefinite pronouns such as everyone, several, all, or none? Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy - CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Subject-Verb Agreement); CCSS L.9-10.1, L.11-12.1.

Collective, Quantity, and Unit Subjects: Which choice selects a verb that matches whether a collective noun, measurement, amount, fraction, or percentage functions as one unit or as multiple members or items? Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy; CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Subject-Verb Agreement); CCSS L.9-10.1, L.11-12.1 - Standard English Conventions — Form, Structure, and Sense (Subject-Verb Agreement): CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Subject-Verb Agreement); CCSS L.9-10.1, L.11-12.1.

Inverted Word Order: Which option identifies the grammatical subject after the verb in questions, quotations, or inverted constructions and applies correct agreement?. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Subject-Verb Agreement); CCSS L.9-10.1, L.11-12.1 - Standard English Conventions — Form, Structure, and Sense (Subject-Verb Agreement): CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Subject-Verb Agreement); CCSS L.9-10.1, L.11-12.1.

There Is and There Are Constructions: Which choice makes the verb agree with the real subject that follows there is, there are, there has been, or similar wording?. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Subject-Verb Agreement); CCSS L.9-10.1, L.11-12.1 - Standard English Conventions — Form, Structure, and Sense (Subject-Verb Agreement): CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Subject-Verb Agreement); CCSS L.9-10.1, L.11-12.1.

Agreement in Long and Complex Sentences: Which option maintains subject-verb agreement when substantial text, multiple clauses, or misleading nouns intervene between the subject and main verb?. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Subject-Verb Agreement); CCSS L.9-10.1, L.11-12.1 - Standard English Conventions — Form, Structure, and Sense (Subject-Verb Agreement): CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Subject-Verb Agreement); CCSS L.9-10.1, L.11-12.1.

Basic Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement: Which choice makes a pronoun agree in number and person with a clearly identified antecedent? Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement); CCSS L.9-10.1, L.11-12.1 - Standard English Conventions — Form, Structure, and Sense (Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement): CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement); CCSS L.9-10.1, L.11-12.1.

Compound Antecedents Joined by And: Which option uses a plural pronoun to refer to two or more antecedents joined by and? Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement); CCSS L.9-10.1, L.11-12.1 - Standard English Conventions — Form, Structure, and Sense (Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement): CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement); CCSS L.9-10.1, L.11-12.1.

Antecedents Joined by Or Nor: Which choice makes the pronoun agree with the nearer antecedent in an either...or, neither...nor, or/nor construction?. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement); CCSS L.9-10.1, L.11-12.1 - Standard English Conventions — Form, Structure, and Sense (Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement): CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement); CCSS L.9-10.1, L.11-12.1.

Indefinite-Pronoun Antecedents: Which option selects a pronoun that agrees with an antecedent such as each, everyone, several, all, or none in context?. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement); CCSS L.9-10.1, L.11-12.1 - Standard English Conventions — Form, Structure, and Sense (Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement): CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement); CCSS L.9-10.1, L.11-12.1.

Collective-Noun Antecedents: Which choice uses singular or plural pronoun reference consistently with the intended meaning of a collective noun? Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy; CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement); CCSS L.9-10.1, L.11-12.1 - Standard English Conventions — Form, Structure, and Sense (Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement).

Relative Pronouns and Antecedent Number: Which option selects a relative-pronoun construction whose reference and accompanying verb form match the intended antecedent?. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement); CCSS L.9-10.1, L.11-12.1 - Standard English Conventions — Form, Structure, and Sense (Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement): CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement); CCSS L.9-10.1, L.11-12.1.

Consistent Pronoun Person and Number: Which choice avoids an illogical shift among first, second, and third person or between singular and plural reference?. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement); CCSS L.9-10.1, L.11-12.1 - Standard English Conventions — Form, Structure, and Sense (Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement): CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement); CCSS L.9-10.1, L.11-12.1.

Clear Antecedents in Complex Sentences: Which option identifies the intended antecedent across intervening phrases or clauses and avoids vague or ambiguous pronoun reference? Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy; CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement); CCSS L.9-10.1, L.11-12.1.

Finite Main Verbs: Which choice ensures that every independent clause contains a tense-bearing main verb rather than only a verbal or auxiliary fragment? Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Verb Finiteness); CCSS L.9-10.1, L.11-12.1 - Standard English Conventions — Form, Structure, and Sense (Verb Finiteness): CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Verb Finiteness); CCSS L.9-10.1, L.11-12.1.

One Finite-Verb Structure per Clause: Which option avoids adding an extra finite verb where the sentence requires a participle, infinitive, relative clause, or new boundary? Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy — CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Verb Finiteness); CCSS L.9-10.1, L.11-12.1 — Standard English Conventions — Form, Structure, and Sense (Verb Finiteness).

Gerunds in Context: Which choice correctly uses an -ing form as a noun when the sentence requires a subject, object, or complement rather than a finite verb?. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Verb Finiteness); CCSS L.9-10.1, L.11-12.1 - Standard English Conventions — Form, Structure, and Sense (Verb Finiteness): CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Verb Finiteness); CCSS L.9-10.1, L.11-12.1.

Participles in Context: Which option correctly uses a present or past participle as part of a verb phrase or as a modifier without creating a fragment?. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Verb Finiteness); CCSS L.9-10.1, L.11-12.1 - Standard English Conventions — Form, Structure, and Sense (Verb Finiteness): CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Verb Finiteness); CCSS L.9-10.1, L.11-12.1.

Infinitives in Context: Which choice correctly uses to plus the base verb as a noun, adjective, or adverb while preserving a complete main clause? Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy — CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Verb Finiteness); CCSS L.9-10.1, L.11-12.1 — Standard English Conventions — Form, Structure, and Sense (Verb Finiteness).

Base Forms After Modals and Do: Which option uses the base verb after can, could, may, might, must, shall, should, will, would, do, does, or did? Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy - CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Verb Finiteness); CCSS L.9-10.1, L.11-12.1 - Standard English Conventions — Form, Structure, and Sense (Verb Finiteness).

Past Participles After Have: Which choice uses the correct past participle after has, have, or had, including irregular forms? Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Verb Finiteness; Verb Tense and Aspect); CCSS L.9-10.1, L.11-12.1 - Standard English Conventions — Form, Structure, and Sense (Verb Finiteness; Verb Tense and Aspect): CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Verb Finiteness; Verb Tense and Aspect); CCSS L.9-10.1, L.11-12.1.

Participles After Forms of Be: Which option selects an -ing participle for progressive aspect or a past participle for passive voice as the context requires?. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Verb Finiteness; Verb Tense and Aspect); CCSS L.9-10.1, L.11-12.1 - Standard English Conventions — Form, Structure, and Sense (Verb Finiteness; Verb Tense and Aspect): CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Verb Finiteness; Verb Tense and Aspect); CCSS L.9-10.1, L.11-12.1.

Irregular Past-Tense and Participle Forms: Which choice uses the conventional form of an irregular verb such as begin/began/begun or rise/rose/risen? Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy; CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Verb Finiteness; Verb Tense and Aspect); CCSS L.9-10.1, L.11-12.1.

Simple Present for General or Ongoing Truths: Which option uses present tense appropriately for general facts, habitual actions, or commentary that remains current? Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy - CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Verb Tense and Aspect); CCSS L.9-10.1, L.11-12.1 - Standard English Conventions — Form, Structure, and Sense (Verb Tense and Aspect).

Simple Past for Completed Events: Which choice uses past tense for an action completed at a definite earlier time? Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Verb Tense and Aspect); CCSS L.9-10.1, L.11-12.1 - Standard English Conventions — Form, Structure, and Sense (Verb Tense and Aspect): CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Verb Tense and Aspect); CCSS L.9-10.1, L.11-12.1.

Tense Controlled by Time Markers and Context: Which option selects a verb tense that fits dates, sequence words, surrounding verbs, and the passage's time frame? Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Verb Tense and Aspect); CCSS L.9-10.1, L.11-12.1 - Standard English Conventions — Form, Structure, and Sense (Verb Tense and Aspect): CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Verb Tense and Aspect); CCSS L.9-10.1, L.11-12.1.

Maintaining Tense Consistency: Which choice avoids an unnecessary shift in tense among verbs describing actions in the same time frame? Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy - CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Verb Tense and Aspect); CCSS L.9-10.1, L.11-12.1 - Standard English Conventions — Form, Structure, and Sense (Verb Tense and Aspect).

Sequence of Tenses Across Clauses: Which option uses tenses that accurately show the temporal relationship among actions in main and subordinate clauses? Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Verb Tense and Aspect); CCSS L.9-10.1, L.11-12.1 - Standard English Conventions — Form, Structure, and Sense (Verb Tense and Aspect).

Perfect Aspect: Which choice uses has, have, or had plus a past participle to show an action completed before another time or continuing to a reference point? Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Verb Tense and Aspect); CCSS L.9-10.1, L.11-12.1 - Standard English Conventions — Form, Structure, and Sense (Verb Tense and Aspect): CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Verb Tense and Aspect); CCSS L.9-10.1, L.11-12.1.

Progressive Aspect: Which option uses a form of be plus an -ing participle to show an action in progress at the relevant time without creating an illogical aspect shift? Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Verb Tense and Aspect); CCSS L.9-10.1, L.11-12.1 - Standard English Conventions — Form, Structure, and Sense (Verb Tense and Aspect): CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Verb Tense and Aspect); CCSS L.9-10.1, L.11-12.1.

Introductory Participial Modifiers: Which choice places the noun being modified immediately after an introductory -ing or -ed phrase?. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Subject-Modifier Placement); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.11-12.1a - Standard English Conventions — Form, Structure, and Sense (Subject-Modifier Placement): CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Subject-Modifier Placement); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.11-12.1a.

Introductory Infinitive Modifiers: Which option places the logical actor or subject immediately after an introductory infinitive phrase that expresses purpose or result? Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy — CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Subject-Modifier Placement); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.11-12.1a.

Introductory Prepositional and Descriptive Modifiers: Which choice ensures that an opening phrase logically describes the grammatical subject of the main clause? Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Subject-Modifier Placement); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.11-12.1a - Standard English Conventions — Form, Structure, and Sense (Subject-Modifier Placement): CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Subject-Modifier Placement); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.11-12.1a.

Dangling Modifiers: Which option repairs an opening or closing modifier that has no stated word it can logically modify?. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Subject-Modifier Placement); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.11-12.1a - Standard English Conventions — Form, Structure, and Sense (Subject-Modifier Placement): CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Subject-Modifier Placement); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.11-12.1a.

Misplaced Modifiers: Which choice moves a phrase or clause next to the word it is intended to describe? Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy — CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Subject-Modifier Placement); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.11-12.1a.

Remote Modifiers in Long Sentences: Which option prevents intervening nouns or clauses from making a modifier appear to attach to the wrong subject? Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Subject-Modifier Placement); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.11-12.1a - Standard English Conventions — Form, Structure, and Sense (Subject-Modifier Placement): CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Subject-Modifier Placement); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.11-12.1a.

Relative-Clause Placement: Which choice places a who, which, or that clause immediately after its intended antecedent? Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy — CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Subject-Modifier Placement); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.11-12.1a.

Appositive Placement: Which option places a renaming noun phrase next to the noun it identifies and preserves clear reference? Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Subject-Modifier Placement); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.11-12.1a - Standard English Conventions — Form, Structure, and Sense (Subject-Modifier Placement): CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Subject-Modifier Placement); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.11-12.1a.

Closing and Mid-Sentence Modifier Placement: Which choice positions a participial or prepositional phrase so that its attachment is unambiguous? Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Subject-Modifier Placement); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.11-12.1a - Standard English Conventions — Form, Structure, and Sense (Subject-Modifier Placement): CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Subject-Modifier Placement); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.11-12.1a.

Modifier Placement and Logical Meaning: Which option produces a grammatically complete sentence in which the main-clause subject can logically perform or receive the action expressed by the modifier? Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Subject-Modifier Placement); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.11-12.1a - Standard English Conventions — Form, Structure, and Sense (Subject-Modifier Placement): CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Subject-Modifier Placement); CCSS L.9-10.1b, L.11-12.1a.

Singular and Plural Meaning: Which choice selects a singular or plural noun form that matches the number required by the sentence's meaning and determiners? Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Genitives and Plurals); CCSS L.9-10.1-2, L.11-12.1-2 - Standard English Conventions — Form, Structure, and Sense (Genitives and Plurals): CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Genitives and Plurals); CCSS L.9-10.1-2, L.11-12.1-2.

Regular Plural Formation: Which option correctly forms regular plurals, including nouns ending in s, x, z, ch, sh, consonant-y, or f/fe where convention requires?. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Genitives and Plurals); CCSS L.9-10.1-2, L.11-12.1-2 - Standard English Conventions — Form, Structure, and Sense (Genitives and Plurals): CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Genitives and Plurals); CCSS L.9-10.1-2, L.11-12.1-2.

Irregular Plural Formation: Which choice uses the standard irregular plural of nouns such as criterion, phenomenon, child, or species in context?. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Genitives and Plurals); CCSS L.9-10.1-2, L.11-12.1-2 - Standard English Conventions — Form, Structure, and Sense (Genitives and Plurals): CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Genitives and Plurals); CCSS L.9-10.1-2, L.11-12.1-2.

Compound and Multiword Plurals: Which option pluralizes the head word in compound nouns, titles, or multiword terms appropriately?. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Genitives and Plurals); CCSS L.9-10.1-2, L.11-12.1-2 - Standard English Conventions — Form, Structure, and Sense (Genitives and Plurals): CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Genitives and Plurals); CCSS L.9-10.1-2, L.11-12.1-2.

Singular Possessive Nouns: Which choice uses apostrophe-s to show possession by one person, place, thing, or concept?. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Genitives and Plurals); CCSS L.9-10.1-2, L.11-12.1-2 - Standard English Conventions — Form, Structure, and Sense (Genitives and Plurals): CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Genitives and Plurals); CCSS L.9-10.1-2, L.11-12.1-2.

Plural Possessive Nouns: Which option places the apostrophe correctly for a regular or irregular plural possessor? Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Genitives and Plurals); CCSS L.9-10.1-2, L.11-12.1-2 - Standard English Conventions — Form, Structure, and Sense (Genitives and Plurals): CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Genitives and Plurals); CCSS L.9-10.1-2, L.11-12.1-2.

Joint and Separate Possession: Which choice distinguishes shared ownership from separate ownership when two or more nouns are named? Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Genitives and Plurals); CCSS L.9-10.1-2, L.11-12.1-2 - Standard English Conventions — Form, Structure, and Sense (Genitives and Plurals): CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Genitives and Plurals); CCSS L.9-10.1-2, L.11-12.1-2.

Possessive Pronouns and Determiners: Which option correctly uses its, theirs, yours, whose, or another possessive pronoun without an apostrophe?. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Genitives and Plurals); CCSS L.9-10.1-2, L.11-12.1-2 - Standard English Conventions — Form, Structure, and Sense (Genitives and Plurals): CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Genitives and Plurals); CCSS L.9-10.1-2, L.11-12.1-2.

Possessives, Contractions, and Sound-Alikes: Which choice correctly distinguishes its/it's, their/they're/there, your/you're, and whose/who's according to sentence function? Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Genitives and Plurals); CCSS L.9-10.1-2, L.11-12.1-2 - Standard English Conventions — Form, Structure, and Sense (Genitives and Plurals): CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Genitives and Plurals); CCSS L.9-10.1-2, L.11-12.1-2.

Apostrophes in Complex Noun Phrases: Which option places the possessive ending on the correct final noun or phrase and avoids using apostrophes to form ordinary plurals?. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Genitives and Plurals); CCSS L.9-10.1-2, L.11-12.1-2 - Standard English Conventions — Form, Structure, and Sense (Genitives and Plurals): CB PSAT RW: SEC—Form, Structure, and Sense (Genitives and Plurals); CCSS L.9-10.1-2, L.11-12.1-2.

Addition and Continuation: Which transition most logically adds a related point or continues the same line of reasoning, such as moreover, furthermore, or also? Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: EOI—Transitions; CCSS W.9-10.1c, W.9-10.2c, W.9-10.4-5; W.11-12.1c, W.11-12.2c, W.11-12.4-5 - Expression of Ideas — Transitions: CB PSAT RW: EOI—Transitions; CCSS W.9-10.1c, W.9-10.2c, W.9-10.4-5; W.11-12.1c, W.11-12.2c, W.11-12.4-5.

Examples and Illustration: Which transition most logically introduces an example or illustration, such as for example or for instance?. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: EOI—Transitions; CCSS W.9-10.1c, W.9-10.2c, W.9-10.4-5; W.11-12.1c, W.11-12.2c, W.11-12.4-5 - Expression of Ideas — Transitions: CB PSAT RW: EOI—Transitions; CCSS W.9-10.1c, W.9-10.2c, W.9-10.4-5; W.11-12.1c, W.11-12.2c, W.11-12.4-5.

Similarity and Comparison: Which transition most logically signals that two ideas, findings, or cases are alike, such as similarly or likewise? Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy — CB PSAT RW: EOI—Transitions; CCSS W.9-10.1c, W.9-10.2c, W.9-10.4-5; W.11-12.1c, W.11-12.2c, W.11-12.4-5 — Expression of Ideas — Transitions.

Contrast: Which transition most logically marks a direct difference or opposition, such as however, by contrast, or on the other hand? Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: EOI—Transitions; CCSS W.9-10.1c, W.9-10.2c, W.9-10.4-5; W.11-12.1c, W.11-12.2c, W.11-12.4-5 - Expression of Ideas — Transitions: CB PSAT RW: EOI—Transitions; CCSS W.9-10.1c, W.9-10.2c, W.9-10.4-5; W.11-12.1c, W.11-12.2c, W.11-12.4-5.

Concession, Counterpoint, and Exception: Which transition most logically acknowledges a limitation, exception, or opposing consideration, such as nevertheless, granted, or even so? Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy - CB PSAT RW: EOI—Transitions; CCSS W.9-10.1c, W.9-10.2c, W.9-10.4-5; W.11-12.1c, W.11-12.2c, W.11-12.4-5 - Expression of Ideas — Transitions.

Cause, Effect, and Result: Which transition most logically indicates a reason, consequence, or inference, such as therefore, thus, consequently, or because of this? Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: EOI—Transitions; CCSS W.9-10.1c, W.9-10.2c, W.9-10.4-5; W.11-12.1c, W.11-12.2c, W.11-12.4-5 - Expression of Ideas — Transitions.

Sequence and Chronology: Which transition most logically shows order in time or steps, such as initially, later, next, or finally?. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: EOI—Transitions; CCSS W.9-10.1c, W.9-10.2c, W.9-10.4-5; W.11-12.1c, W.11-12.2c, W.11-12.4-5 - Expression of Ideas — Transitions: CB PSAT RW: EOI—Transitions; CCSS W.9-10.1c, W.9-10.2c, W.9-10.4-5; W.11-12.1c, W.11-12.2c, W.11-12.4-5.

General-to-Specific and Specification: Which transition most logically shifts from a broad statement to a narrower detail, such as specifically or in particular? Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: EOI—Transitions; CCSS W.9-10.1c, W.9-10.2c, W.9-10.4-5; W.11-12.1c, W.11-12.2c, W.11-12.4-5 - Expression of Ideas — Transitions.

Restatement and Clarification: Which transition most logically rephrases or clarifies an idea, such as in other words, that is, or in short? Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: EOI—Transitions; CCSS W.9-10.1c, W.9-10.2c, W.9-10.4-5; W.11-12.1c, W.11-12.2c, W.11-12.4-5 - Expression of Ideas — Transitions: CB PSAT RW: EOI—Transitions; CCSS W.9-10.1c, W.9-10.2c, W.9-10.4-5; W.11-12.1c, W.11-12.2c, W.11-12.4-5.

Emphasis and Conclusion: Which transition most logically highlights a point or draws a conclusion, such as indeed, in fact, ultimately, or overall?. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: EOI—Transitions; CCSS W.9-10.1c, W.9-10.2c, W.9-10.4-5; W.11-12.1c, W.11-12.2c, W.11-12.4-5 - Expression of Ideas — Transitions: CB PSAT RW: EOI—Transitions; CCSS W.9-10.1c, W.9-10.2c, W.9-10.4-5; W.11-12.1c, W.11-12.2c, W.11-12.4-5.

Rhetorical Goal and Audience: Which choice most effectively uses the notes to accomplish the stated purpose for the intended audience? Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy — CB PSAT RW: EOI—Rhetorical Synthesis; CCSS W.9-10.2, W.9-10.4-5, W.9-10.8; W.11-12.2, W.11-12.4-5, W.11-12.8 — Expression of Ideas — Rhetorical Synthesis.

Relevant-Information Selection: Which option includes the facts from the notes that directly serve the specified goal? Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy - CB PSAT RW: EOI—Rhetorical Synthesis; CCSS W.9-10.2, W.9-10.4-5, W.9-10.8; W.11-12.2, W.11-12.4-5, W.11-12.8 - Expression of Ideas — Rhetorical Synthesis.

Excluding Irrelevant or Redundant Information: Which choice avoids details that are accurate but unnecessary, repetitive, or distracting for the stated goal?. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: EOI—Rhetorical Synthesis; CCSS W.9-10.2, W.9-10.4-5, W.9-10.8; W.11-12.2, W.11-12.4-5, W.11-12.8 - Expression of Ideas — Rhetorical Synthesis: CB PSAT RW: EOI—Rhetorical Synthesis; CCSS W.9-10.2, W.9-10.4-5, W.9-10.8; W.11-12.2, W.11-12.4-5, W.11-12.8.

Introducing a Person, Work, Study, or Topic: Which option uses the notes to provide a clear, concise introduction with the most useful identifying information?. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: EOI—Rhetorical Synthesis; CCSS W.9-10.2, W.9-10.4-5, W.9-10.8; W.11-12.2, W.11-12.4-5, W.11-12.8 - Expression of Ideas — Rhetorical Synthesis: CB PSAT RW: EOI—Rhetorical Synthesis; CCSS W.9-10.2, W.9-10.4-5, W.9-10.8; W.11-12.2, W.11-12.4-5, W.11-12.8.

Defining or Explaining a Concept: Which choice combines relevant notes to explain what a term, process, idea, or object is and why it matters? Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: EOI—Rhetorical Synthesis; CCSS W.9-10.2, W.9-10.4-5, W.9-10.8; W.11-12.2, W.11-12.4-5, W.11-12.8 - Expression of Ideas — Rhetorical Synthesis: CB PSAT RW: EOI—Rhetorical Synthesis; CCSS W.9-10.2, W.9-10.4-5, W.9-10.8; W.11-12.2, W.11-12.4-5, W.11-12.8.

Emphasizing Similarity: Which option strategically combines details to highlight a meaningful feature shared by two examples, works, findings, or people? Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy - CB PSAT RW: EOI—Rhetorical Synthesis; CCSS W.9-10.2, W.9-10.4-5, W.9-10.8; W.11-12.2, W.11-12.4-5, W.11-12.8 - Expression of Ideas — Rhetorical Synthesis.

Emphasizing Difference or Contrast: Which choice strategically combines details to foreground a meaningful distinction between two examples, works, findings, or perspectives? Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: EOI—Rhetorical Synthesis; CCSS W.9-10.2, W.9-10.4-5, W.9-10.8; W.11-12.2, W.11-12.4-5, W.11-12.8 - Expression of Ideas — Rhetorical Synthesis: CB PSAT RW: EOI—Rhetorical Synthesis; CCSS W.9-10.2, W.9-10.4-5, W.9-10.8; W.11-12.2, W.11-12.4-5, W.11-12.8.

Presenting Sequence or Development Over Time: Which option arranges relevant details to show chronology, stages, change, or progression?. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: EOI—Rhetorical Synthesis; CCSS W.9-10.2, W.9-10.4-5, W.9-10.8; W.11-12.2, W.11-12.4-5, W.11-12.8 - Expression of Ideas — Rhetorical Synthesis: CB PSAT RW: EOI—Rhetorical Synthesis; CCSS W.9-10.2, W.9-10.4-5, W.9-10.8; W.11-12.2, W.11-12.4-5, W.11-12.8.

Explaining Cause, Effect, or Another Relationship: Which choice accurately integrates notes to show how one event, factor, finding, or idea relates to another? Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: EOI—Rhetorical Synthesis; CCSS W.9-10.2, W.9-10.4-5, W.9-10.8; W.11-12.2, W.11-12.4-5, W.11-12.8 - Expression of Ideas — Rhetorical Synthesis: CB PSAT RW: EOI—Rhetorical Synthesis; CCSS W.9-10.2, W.9-10.4-5, W.9-10.8; W.11-12.2, W.11-12.4-5, W.11-12.8.

Supporting or Illustrating a Claim: Which option selects and combines the evidence that most directly supports, exemplifies, or refutes a stated claim? Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy - CB PSAT RW: EOI—Rhetorical Synthesis; CCSS W.9-10.2, W.9-10.4-5, W.9-10.8; W.11-12.2, W.11-12.4-5, W.11-12.8 - Expression of Ideas — Rhetorical Synthesis.

Concise and Accurate Summary: Which choice synthesizes the central information from multiple notes without distortion, redundancy, or unnecessary detail?. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: EOI—Rhetorical Synthesis; CCSS W.9-10.2, W.9-10.4-5, W.9-10.8; W.11-12.2, W.11-12.4-5, W.11-12.8 - Expression of Ideas — Rhetorical Synthesis.

Comparing Findings, Perspectives, or Examples: Which option combines notes to make a clear, accurate comparison while preserving the relevant point of similarity and/or difference?. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: EOI—Rhetorical Synthesis; CCSS W.9-10.2, W.9-10.4-5, W.9-10.8; W.11-12.2, W.11-12.4-5, W.11-12.8 - Expression of Ideas — Rhetorical Synthesis: CB PSAT RW: EOI—Rhetorical Synthesis; CCSS W.9-10.2, W.9-10.4-5, W.9-10.8; W.11-12.2, W.11-12.4-5, W.11-12.8.

Integrating Quantitative Information: Which choice accurately incorporates numbers, dates, proportions, rankings, or trends from the notes and describes what they show?. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: EOI—Rhetorical Synthesis; CCSS W.9-10.2, W.9-10.4-5, W.9-10.8; W.11-12.2, W.11-12.4-5, W.11-12.8 - Expression of Ideas — Rhetorical Synthesis: CB PSAT RW: EOI—Rhetorical Synthesis; CCSS W.9-10.2, W.9-10.4-5, W.9-10.8; W.11-12.2, W.11-12.4-5, W.11-12.8.

Source Attribution and Evidence Fidelity: Which option accurately attributes ideas or findings to the correct source and avoids unsupported inference, overstatement, or contradiction of the notes?. Aligned to College Board Digital PSAT Reading and Writing; Common Core State Standards ELA/Literacy CB PSAT RW: EOI—Rhetorical Synthesis; CCSS W.9-10.2, W.9-10.4-5, W.9-10.8; W.11-12.2, W.11-12.4-5, W.11-12.8 - Expression of Ideas — Rhetorical Synthesis: CB PSAT RW: EOI—Rhetorical Synthesis; CCSS W.9-10.2, W.9-10.4-5, W.9-10.8; W.11-12.2, W.11-12.4-5, W.11-12.8.

Main Idea of Informational Texts: Which choice best states the central idea of a short informational passage without becoming too broad, too narrow, or unsupported?. Aligned to College Board Digital SAT Suite; Common Core State Standards ELA-Literacy College Board: Information and Ideas - Central Ideas and Details; CCSS R.CCR.2; RI.9-10.2; RI.11-12.2 - Information and Ideas - Central Ideas and Details: College Board: Information and Ideas - Central Ideas and Details; CCSS R.CCR.2; RI.9-10.2; RI.11-12.2. This skill assesses: Which choice best states the central idea of a short informational passage without becoming too broad, too narrow, or unsupported?

Theme or Central Insight in Literary Texts: Which choice best expresses the central insight, theme, or controlling idea developed in a literary excerpt? Aligned to College Board Digital SAT Suite; Common Core State Standards ELA-Literacy - College Board: Information and Ideas - Central Ideas and Details; CCSS R.CCR.2; RL.9-10.2; RL.11-12.2 - Information and Ideas - Central Ideas and Details.

Central Claim of an Argument: Which choice best identifies the passage's main claim or position while distinguishing it from examples, reasons, and qualifications?. Aligned to College Board Digital SAT Suite; Common Core State Standards ELA-Literacy College Board: Information and Ideas - Central Ideas and Details; CCSS R.CCR.2, 8; RI.9-10.2, 8; RI.11-12.2, 8 - Information and Ideas - Central Ideas and Details: College Board: Information and Ideas - Central Ideas and Details; CCSS R.CCR.2, 8; RI.9-10.2, 8; RI.11-12.2, 8. This skill assesses: Which choice best identifies the passage's main claim or position while distinguishing it from examples, reasons, and qualifications?.

Central Idea in Scientific and Technical Texts: Which choice best states the main point of a passage describing a scientific concept, investigation, method, or finding?. Aligned to College Board Digital SAT Suite; Common Core State Standards ELA-Literacy College Board: Information and Ideas - Central Ideas and Details; CCSS R.CCR.2; RST.9-10.2; RST.11-12.2 - Information and Ideas - Central Ideas and Details: College Board: Information and Ideas - Central Ideas and Details; CCSS R.CCR.2; RST.9-10.2; RST.11-12.2. This skill assesses: Which choice best states the main point of a passage describing a scientific concept, investigation, method, or finding?.

Central Idea in Historical and Social Science Texts: Which choice best captures the principal idea of a passage about a historical event, social pattern, policy, or scholarly interpretation?. Aligned to College Board Digital SAT Suite; Common Core State Standards ELA-Literacy College Board: Information and Ideas - Central Ideas and Details; CCSS R.CCR.2; RH.9-10.2; RH.11-12.2 - Information and Ideas - Central Ideas and Details: College Board: Information and Ideas - Central Ideas and Details; CCSS R.CCR.2; RH.9-10.2; RH.11-12.2. This skill assesses: Which choice best captures the principal idea of a passage about a historical event, social pattern, policy, or scholarly interpretation?

Topic versus Central Idea: Which choice best distinguishes what a passage is generally about from what the passage specifically says about that topic? Aligned to College Board Digital SAT Suite; Common Core State Standards ELA-Literacy; College Board: Information and Ideas - Central Ideas and Details; CCSS R.CCR.2; RI.9-10.2; RI.11-12.2 - Information and Ideas - Central Ideas and Details.

Key Supporting Detail: Which choice identifies the detail that most directly develops or supports the passage's central idea? Aligned to College Board Digital SAT Suite; Common Core State Standards ELA-Literacy College Board: Information and Ideas - Central Ideas and Details; CCSS R.CCR.1-3; RL/RI.9-10.1-3; RL/RI.11-12.1-3 - Information and Ideas - Central Ideas and Details.

Detail Explaining a Concept or Finding: Which choice best identifies the passage detail that explains how a concept works or why a result occurred?. Aligned to College Board Digital SAT Suite; Common Core State Standards ELA-Literacy College Board: Information and Ideas - Central Ideas and Details; CCSS R.CCR.1-3; RI/RST.9-10.1-3; RI/RST.11-12.1-3 - Information and Ideas - Central Ideas and Details: College Board: Information and Ideas - Central Ideas and Details; CCSS R.CCR.1-3; RI/RST.9-10.1-3; RI/RST.11-12.1-3. This skill assesses: Which choice best identifies the passage detail that explains how a concept works or why a result occurred?.

Relationships among Ideas, Events, or Individuals: Which choice best describes how two ideas, events, findings, or individuals are related within the passage? Aligned to College Board Digital SAT Suite; Common Core State Standards ELA-Literacy - College Board: Information and Ideas - Central Ideas and Details; CCSS R.CCR.3; RL/RI.9-10.3; RL/RI.11-12.3 - Information and Ideas - Central Ideas and Details: College Board: Information and Ideas - Central Ideas and Details; CCSS R.CCR.3; RL/RI.9-10.3; RL/RI.11-12.3. This skill assesses relationships among ideas, events, findings, or individuals within a passage.

Sequence of a Process or Development: Which choice accurately identifies the order in which a process, argument, discovery, or narrative development unfolds?. Aligned to College Board Digital SAT Suite; Common Core State Standards ELA-Literacy College Board: Information and Ideas - Central Ideas and Details; CCSS R.CCR.3; RI/RST.9-10.3; RI/RST.11-12.3 - Information and Ideas - Central Ideas and Details: College Board: Information and Ideas - Central Ideas and Details; CCSS R.CCR.3; RI/RST.9-10.3; RI/RST.11-12.3. This skill assesses: Which choice accurately identifies the order in which a process, argument, discovery, or narrative development unfolds?

Accurate Objective Summary: Which choice best summarizes the passage's essential ideas while excluding minor details, outside information, and personal judgment? Aligned to College Board Digital SAT Suite; Common Core State Standards ELA-Literacy - College Board: Information and Ideas - Central Ideas and Details; CCSS R.CCR.2; RL/RI.9-10.2; RL/RI.11-12.2 - Information and Ideas - Central Ideas and Details.

Summary Scope and Emphasis: Which choice provides a summary whose scope and emphasis match the passage rather than exaggerating one detail or omitting a central qualification?. Aligned to College Board Digital SAT Suite; Common Core State Standards ELA-Literacy College Board: Information and Ideas - Central Ideas and Details; CCSS R.CCR.2; RL/RI.9-10.2; RL/RI.11-12.2 - Information and Ideas - Central Ideas and Details: College Board: Information and Ideas - Central Ideas and Details; CCSS R.CCR.2; RL/RI.9-10.2; RL/RI.11-12.2. This skill assesses: Which choice provides a summary whose scope and emphasis match the passage rather than exaggerating one detail or omitting a central qualification?

Logical Completion of an Argument: Which choice most logically completes a passage by supplying the conclusion best supported by the stated premises? Aligned to College Board Digital SAT Suite; Common Core State Standards ELA-Literacy College Board: Information and Ideas - Inferences; CCSS R.CCR.1; RI.9-10.1; RI.11-12.1 - Information and Ideas - Inferences: College Board: Information and Ideas - Inferences; CCSS R.CCR.1; RI.9-10.1; RI.11-12.1. This skill assesses: Which choice most logically completes a passage by supplying the conclusion best supported by the stated premises?

Inference from Explicit Facts: Which choice states a conclusion that necessarily or very strongly follows from facts directly provided in the passage?. Aligned to College Board Digital SAT Suite; Common Core State Standards ELA-Literacy College Board: Information and Ideas - Inferences; CCSS R.CCR.1; RL/RI.9-10.1; RL/RI.11-12.1 - Information and Ideas - Inferences: College Board: Information and Ideas - Inferences; CCSS R.CCR.1; RL/RI.9-10.1; RL/RI.11-12.1. This skill assesses: Which choice states a conclusion that necessarily or very strongly follows from facts directly provided in the passage?

Inference from Implicit Clues: Which choice states the most reasonable conclusion supported by details the author implies rather than states directly? Aligned to College Board Digital SAT Suite; Common Core State Standards ELA-Literacy; College Board: Information and Ideas - Inferences; CCSS R.CCR.1; RL/RI.9-10.1; RL/RI.11-12.1.

Causal Inference: Which choice identifies the most supportable cause, effect, or causal explanation based only on the relationships described in the text?. Aligned to College Board Digital SAT Suite; Common Core State Standards ELA-Literacy College Board: Information and Ideas - Inferences; CCSS R.CCR.1, 3; RI/RST.9-10.1, 3; RI/RST.11-12.1, 3 - Information and Ideas - Inferences: College Board: Information and Ideas - Inferences; CCSS R.CCR.1, 3; RI/RST.9-10.1, 3; RI/RST.11-12.1, 3. This skill assesses: Which choice identifies the most supportable cause, effect, or causal explanation based only on the relationships described in the text?

Comparative or Ranking Inference: Which choice correctly infers a comparison, ordering, or ranking from multiple stated relationships?. Aligned to College Board Digital SAT Suite; Common Core State Standards ELA-Literacy College Board: Information and Ideas - Inferences; CCSS R.CCR.1; RI.9-10.1; RI.11-12.1 - Information and Ideas - Inferences: College Board: Information and Ideas - Inferences; CCSS R.CCR.1; RI.9-10.1; RI.11-12.1. This skill assesses: Which choice correctly infers a comparison, ordering, or ranking from multiple stated relationships?.

Trend or Pattern Inference: Which choice best infers a general pattern from several examples, observations, or results in the passage? Aligned to College Board Digital SAT Suite; Common Core State Standards ELA-Literacy - College Board: Information and Ideas - Inferences; CCSS R.CCR.1, 3; RI/RST.9-10.1, 3; RI/RST.11-12.1, 3 - Information and Ideas - Inferences.

Prediction from Findings: Which choice gives the most reasonable prediction if the conditions or findings described in the passage continue? Aligned to College Board Digital SAT Suite; Common Core State Standards ELA-Literacy. College Board: Information and Ideas - Inferences; CCSS R.CCR.1; RI/RST.9-10.1; RI/RST.11-12.1 - Information and Ideas - Inferences.

Character Motivation or Intention: Which choice best infers a character's likely motivation, intention, or concern from actions, dialogue, and context?. Aligned to College Board Digital SAT Suite; Common Core State Standards ELA-Literacy College Board: Information and Ideas - Inferences; CCSS R.CCR.1, 3; RL.9-10.1, 3; RL.11-12.1, 3 - Information and Ideas - Inferences: College Board: Information and Ideas - Inferences; CCSS R.CCR.1, 3; RL.9-10.1, 3; RL.11-12.1, 3. This skill assesses: Which choice best infers a character's likely motivation, intention, or concern from actions, dialogue, and context?.

Speaker or Narrator Attitude: Which choice best infers the speaker's or narrator's attitude from the passage's language, details, and perspective?. Aligned to College Board Digital SAT Suite; Common Core State Standards ELA-Literacy College Board: Information and Ideas - Inferences; CCSS R.CCR.1, 4, 6; RL.9-10.1, 4, 6; RL.11-12.1, 4, 6 - Information and Ideas - Inferences: College Board: Information and Ideas - Inferences; CCSS R.CCR.1, 4, 6; RL.9-10.1, 4, 6; RL.11-12.1, 4, 6. This skill assesses: Which choice best infers the speaker's or narrator's attitude from the passage's language, details, and perspective?

Author's Implied Position: Which choice best states a position the author would most likely accept even though the passage does not express it verbatim?. Aligned to College Board Digital SAT Suite; Common Core State Standards ELA-Literacy College Board: Information and Ideas - Inferences; CCSS R.CCR.1, 6; RI.9-10.1, 6; RI.11-12.1, 6 - Information and Ideas - Inferences: College Board: Information and Ideas - Inferences; CCSS R.CCR.1, 6; RI.9-10.1, 6; RI.11-12.1, 6. This skill assesses: Which choice best states a position the author would most likely accept even though the passage does not express it verbatim?.

Necessary Assumption: Which choice identifies an unstated assumption that must be true for the passage's reasoning or conclusion to hold?. Aligned to College Board Digital SAT Suite; Common Core State Standards ELA-Literacy College Board: Information and Ideas - Inferences; CCSS R.CCR.1, 8; RI.9-10.1, 8; RI.11-12.1, 8 - Information and Ideas - Inferences: College Board: Information and Ideas - Inferences; CCSS R.CCR.1, 8; RI.9-10.1, 8; RI.11-12.1, 8. This skill assesses: Which choice identifies an unstated assumption that must be true for the passage's reasoning or conclusion to hold?.

Resolving an Apparent Contradiction: Which choice most logically explains how two seemingly inconsistent facts or findings in the passage can both be true?. Aligned to College Board Digital SAT Suite; Common Core State Standards ELA-Literacy College Board: Information and Ideas - Inferences; CCSS R.CCR.1, 3; RI/RST.9-10.1, 3; RI/RST.11-12.1, 3 - Information and Ideas - Inferences: College Board: Information and Ideas - Inferences; CCSS R.CCR.1, 3; RI/RST.9-10.1, 3; RI/RST.11-12.1, 3. This skill assesses: Which choice most logically explains how two seemingly inconsistent facts or findings in the passage can both be true?

Qualified or Conditional Inference: Which choice draws the strongest supportable inference while preserving the limits, conditions, or uncertainty stated in the passage?. Aligned to College Board Digital SAT Suite; Common Core State Standards ELA-Literacy College Board: Information and Ideas - Inferences; CCSS R.CCR.1; RI.9-10.1; RI.11-12.1 - Information and Ideas - Inferences: College Board: Information and Ideas - Inferences; CCSS R.CCR.1; RI.9-10.1; RI.11-12.1. This skill assesses: Which choice draws the strongest supportable inference while preserving the limits, conditions, or uncertainty stated in the passage?

Avoiding Unsupported Overreach: Which choice makes the least speculative conclusion and avoids adding assumptions, absolutes, or outside knowledge not supported by the text? Aligned to College Board Digital SAT Suite; Common Core State Standards ELA-Literacy College Board: Information and Ideas - Inferences; CCSS R.CCR.1; RL/RI.9-10.1; RL/RI.11-12.1 - Information and Ideas - Inferences: College Board: Information and Ideas - Inferences; CCSS R.CCR.1; RL/RI.9-10.1; RL/RI.11-12.1. This skill assesses careful, evidence-based inference rather than speculative overreach.

Textual Evidence Supporting a Claim: Which quotation or detail from the passage best supports the specified claim?. Aligned to College Board Digital SAT Suite; Common Core State Standards ELA-Literacy College Board: Information and Ideas - Command of Evidence (Textual); CCSS R.CCR.1, 8; RI.9-10.1, 8; RI.11-12.1, 8 - Information and Ideas - Command of Evidence (Textual): College Board: Information and Ideas - Command of Evidence (Textual); CCSS R.CCR.1, 8; RI.9-10.1, 8; RI.11-12.1, 8. This skill assesses: Which quotation or detail from the passage best supports the specified claim?.

Textual Evidence Challenging a Claim: Which quotation or detail most directly weakens, contradicts, or qualifies the specified claim?. Aligned to College Board Digital SAT Suite; Common Core State Standards ELA-Literacy College Board: Information and Ideas - Command of Evidence (Textual); CCSS R.CCR.1, 8; RI.9-10.1, 8; RI.11-12.1, 8 - Information and Ideas - Command of Evidence (Textual): College Board: Information and Ideas - Command of Evidence (Textual); CCSS R.CCR.1, 8; RI.9-10.1, 8; RI.11-12.1, 8. This skill assesses: Which quotation or detail most directly weakens, contradicts, or qualifies the specified claim?.

Evidence Supporting an Inference: Which textual evidence most directly supports the inference identified in the question?. Aligned to College Board Digital SAT Suite; Common Core State Standards ELA-Literacy College Board: Information and Ideas - Command of Evidence (Textual); CCSS R.CCR.1; RL/RI.9-10.1; RL/RI.11-12.1 - Information and Ideas - Command of Evidence (Textual): College Board: Information and Ideas - Command of Evidence (Textual); CCSS R.CCR.1; RL/RI.9-10.1; RL/RI.11-12.1. This skill assesses: Which textual evidence most directly supports the inference identified in the question?

Evidence Supporting the Central Idea: Which detail best demonstrates or develops the passage's central idea?. Aligned to College Board Digital SAT Suite; Common Core State Standards ELA-Literacy College Board: Information and Ideas - Command of Evidence (Textual); CCSS R.CCR.1-2; RL/RI.9-10.1-2; RL/RI.11-12.1-2 - Information and Ideas - Command of Evidence (Textual): College Board: Information and Ideas - Command of Evidence (Textual); CCSS R.CCR.1-2; RL/RI.9-10.1-2; RL/RI.11-12.1-2. This skill assesses: Which detail best demonstrates or develops the passage's central idea?.

Evidence for Literary Interpretation: Which quotation best supports an interpretation of a character, relationship, conflict, setting, or theme in a literary excerpt?. Aligned to College Board Digital SAT Suite; Common Core State Standards ELA-Literacy College Board: Information and Ideas - Command of Evidence (Textual); CCSS R.CCR.1-3; RL.9-10.1-3; RL.11-12.1-3 - Information and Ideas - Command of Evidence (Textual): College Board: Information and Ideas - Command of Evidence (Textual); CCSS R.CCR.1-3; RL.9-10.1-3; RL.11-12.1-3. This skill assesses: Which quotation best supports an interpretation of a character, relationship, conflict, setting, or theme in a literary excerpt?.

Character Statement versus Authorial Position: Which choice uses evidence appropriately by distinguishing a character's or quoted source's view from the author's own position?. Aligned to College Board Digital SAT Suite; Common Core State Standards ELA-Literacy College Board: Information and Ideas - Command of Evidence (Textual); CCSS R.CCR.1, 6; RL/RI.9-10.1, 6; RL/RI.11-12.1, 6 - Information and Ideas - Command of Evidence (Textual): College Board: Information and Ideas - Command of Evidence (Textual); CCSS R.CCR.1, 6; RL/RI.9-10.1, 6; RL/RI.11-12.1, 6. This skill assesses: Which choice uses evidence appropriately by distinguishing a character's or quoted source's view from the author's own position?.

Best Quotation as Stand-Alone Evidence: Which quoted sentence provides the clearest and most self-sufficient evidence for the specified interpretation or assertion?. Aligned to College Board Digital SAT Suite; Common Core State Standards ELA-Literacy College Board: Information and Ideas - Command of Evidence (Textual); CCSS R.CCR.1; RL/RI.9-10.1; RL/RI.11-12.1 - Information and Ideas - Command of Evidence (Textual): College Board: Information and Ideas - Command of Evidence (Textual); CCSS R.CCR.1; RL/RI.9-10.1; RL/RI.11-12.1. This skill assesses: Which quoted sentence provides the clearest and most self-sufficient evidence for the specified interpretation or assertion?.

Evidence from Research Methods: Which detail about a study's design, sample, procedure, or comparison best supports the specified methodological claim?. Aligned to College Board Digital SAT Suite; Common Core State Standards ELA-Literacy College Board: Information and Ideas - Command of Evidence (Textual); CCSS R.CCR.1, 8; RST.9-10.1, 8; RST.11-12.1, 8 - Information and Ideas - Command of Evidence (Textual): College Board: Information and Ideas - Command of Evidence (Textual); CCSS R.CCR.1, 8; RST.9-10.1, 8; RST.11-12.1, 8. This skill assesses: Which detail about a study's design, sample, procedure, or comparison best supports the specified methodological claim?

Evidence from Research Findings: Which stated result or observation best supports the specified conclusion about a study or investigation?. Aligned to College Board Digital SAT Suite; Common Core State Standards ELA-Literacy College Board: Information and Ideas - Command of Evidence (Textual); CCSS R.CCR.1, 8; RST.9-10.1, 8; RST.11-12.1, 8 - Information and Ideas - Command of Evidence (Textual): College Board: Information and Ideas - Command of Evidence (Textual); CCSS R.CCR.1, 8; RST.9-10.1, 8; RST.11-12.1, 8. This skill assesses: Which stated result or observation best supports the specified conclusion about a study or investigation?

Evidence of Change or Development: Which detail most directly demonstrates a change over time in a person, idea, condition, practice, or phenomenon?. Aligned to College Board Digital SAT Suite; Common Core State Standards ELA-Literacy College Board: Information and Ideas - Command of Evidence (Textual); CCSS R.CCR.1, 3; RL/RI.9-10.1, 3; RL/RI.11-12.1, 3 - Information and Ideas - Command of Evidence (Textual): College Board: Information and Ideas - Command of Evidence (Textual); CCSS R.CCR.1, 3; RL/RI.9-10.1, 3; RL/RI.11-12.1, 3. This skill assesses: Which detail most directly demonstrates a change over time in a person, idea, condition, practice, or phenomenon?.

Evidence of Cause and Effect: Which detail most directly supports a claim that one event, condition, or action contributed to another? Aligned to College Board Digital SAT Suite; Common Core State Standards ELA-Literacy College Board: Information and Ideas - Command of Evidence (Textual); CCSS R.CCR.1, 3, 8; RI/RST.9-10.1, 3, 8; RI/RST.11-12.1, 3, 8 - Information and Ideas - Command of Evidence (Textual): College Board: Information and Ideas - Command of Evidence (Textual); CCSS R.CCR.1, 3, 8; RI/RST.9-10.1, 3, 8; RI/RST.11-12.1, 3, 8. This skill assesses: Which detail most directly supports a claim that one event, condition, or action contributed to another?

Evidence of Similarity or Difference: Which detail best supports a claim about a meaningful similarity or difference between two subjects? Aligned to College Board Digital SAT Suite; Common Core State Standards ELA-Literacy College Board: Information and Ideas - Command of Evidence (Textual); CCSS R.CCR.1, 9; RL/RI.9-10.1, 9; RL/RI.11-12.1, 9 - Information and Ideas - Command of Evidence (Textual): This skill assesses support for comparison claims using textual evidence.

Relevance and Sufficiency of Evidence: Which piece of evidence is most relevant and sufficiently specific to support the claim rather than merely relate to the general topic? Aligned to College Board Digital SAT Suite; Common Core State Standards ELA-Literacy College Board: Information and Ideas - Command of Evidence (Textual); CCSS R.CCR.1, 8; RI.9-10.1, 8; RI.11-12.1, 8 - Information and Ideas - Command of Evidence (Textual): College Board: Information and Ideas - Command of Evidence (Textual); CCSS R.CCR.1, 8; RI.9-10.1, 8; RI.11-12.1, 8. This skill assesses: Which piece of evidence is most relevant and sufficiently specific to support the claim rather than merely relate to the general topic?

Evidence for a Qualified Claim: Which textual evidence best supports a carefully limited claim while accounting for exceptions, uncertainty, or competing explanations? Aligned to College Board Digital SAT Suite; Common Core State Standards ELA-Literacy College Board: Information and Ideas - Command of Evidence (Textual); CCSS R.CCR.1, 8; RI/RST.9-10.1, 8; RI/RST.11-12.1, 8 - Information and Ideas - Command of Evidence (Textual): College Board: Information and Ideas - Command of Evidence (Textual); CCSS R.CCR.1, 8; RI/RST.9-10.1, 8; RI/RST.11-12.1, 8. This skill assesses: Which textual evidence best supports a carefully limited claim while accounting for exceptions, uncertainty, or competing explanations?

Reading a Data Table: Which choice accurately identifies the value, category, or relationship shown in a table?. Aligned to College Board Digital SAT Suite; Common Core State Standards ELA-Literacy - College Board: Information and Ideas - Command of Evidence (Quantitative); CCSS R.CCR.7; RI/RST.9-10.7; RI/RST.11-12.7.

Reading a Bar Graph: Which choice accurately interprets the magnitude or comparison represented by bars in an informational graphic? Aligned to College Board Digital SAT Suite; Common Core State Standards ELA-Literacy College Board: Information and Ideas - Command of Evidence (Quantitative); CCSS R.CCR.7; RI/RST.9-10.7; RI/RST.11-12.7 - Information and Ideas - Command of Evidence (Quantitative): College Board: Information and Ideas - Command of Evidence (Quantitative); CCSS R.CCR.7; RI/RST.9-10.7; RI/RST.11-12.7. This skill assesses: Which choice accurately interprets the magnitude or comparison represented by bars in an informational graphic?

Reading a Line Graph: Which choice accurately interprets a value, direction, or change shown by one or more lines on a graph?. Aligned to College Board Digital SAT Suite; Common Core State Standards ELA-Literacy College Board: Information and Ideas - Command of Evidence (Quantitative); CCSS R.CCR.7; RI/RST.9-10.7; RI/RST.11-12.7 - Information and Ideas - Command of Evidence (Quantitative): College Board: Information and Ideas - Command of Evidence (Quantitative); CCSS R.CCR.7; RI/RST.9-10.7; RI/RST.11-12.7. This skill assesses: Which choice accurately interprets a value, direction, or change shown by one or more lines on a graph?.

Comparing Groups or Categories: Which choice correctly compares two or more groups, conditions, categories, or time periods using the displayed data?. Aligned to College Board Digital SAT Suite; Common Core State Standards ELA-Literacy College Board: Information and Ideas - Command of Evidence (Quantitative); CCSS R.CCR.7; RI/RST.9-10.7; RI/RST.11-12.7 - Information and Ideas - Command of Evidence (Quantitative): College Board: Information and Ideas - Command of Evidence (Quantitative); CCSS R.CCR.7; RI/RST.9-10.7; RI/RST.11-12.7. This skill assesses: Which choice correctly compares two or more groups, conditions, categories, or time periods using the displayed data?

Identifying Maximums, Minimums, and Rankings: Which choice correctly identifies the highest, lowest, first, last, or relative ranking in the data? Aligned to College Board Digital SAT Suite; Common Core State Standards ELA-Literacy - College Board: Information and Ideas - Command of Evidence (Quantitative); CCSS R.CCR.7; RI/RST.9-10.7; RI/RST.11-12.7 - Information and Ideas - Command of Evidence (Quantitative): College Board: Information and Ideas - Command of Evidence (Quantitative); CCSS R.CCR.7; RI/RST.9-10.7; RI/RST.11-12.7. This skill assesses: Which choice correctly identifies the highest, lowest, first, last, or relative ranking in the data?

Estimating Differences and Changes: Which choice gives a reasonable difference, increase, decrease, or change based on the graphic's scale and values?. Aligned to College Board Digital SAT Suite; Common Core State Standards ELA-Literacy College Board: Information and Ideas - Command of Evidence (Quantitative); CCSS R.CCR.7; RI/RST.9-10.7; RI/RST.11-12.7 - Information and Ideas - Command of Evidence (Quantitative): College Board: Information and Ideas - Command of Evidence (Quantitative); CCSS R.CCR.7; RI/RST.9-10.7; RI/RST.11-12.7. This skill assesses: Which choice gives a reasonable difference, increase, decrease, or change based on the graphic's scale and values?.

Interpreting Percentages and Proportions: Which choice accurately interprets a percentage, proportion, share, or relative frequency shown in a table or graph?. Aligned to College Board Digital SAT Suite; Common Core State Standards ELA-Literacy College Board: Information and Ideas - Command of Evidence (Quantitative); CCSS R.CCR.7; RI/RST.9-10.7; RI/RST.11-12.7 - Information and Ideas - Command of Evidence (Quantitative): College Board: Information and Ideas - Command of Evidence (Quantitative); CCSS R.CCR.7; RI/RST.9-10.7; RI/RST.11-12.7. This skill assesses: Which choice accurately interprets a percentage, proportion, share, or relative frequency shown in a table or graph?

Identifying Trends and Patterns: Which choice best describes an overall increase, decrease, stability, cycle, association, or other pattern in the data? Aligned to College Board Digital SAT Suite; Common Core State Standards ELA-Literacy - College Board: Information and Ideas - Command of Evidence (Quantitative); CCSS R.CCR.7; RI/RST.9-10.7; RI/RST.11-12.7 - Information and Ideas - Command of Evidence (Quantitative).

Identifying Outliers and Exceptions: Which choice correctly identifies a data point or category that does not follow the overall pattern? Aligned to College Board Digital SAT Suite; Common Core State Standards ELA-Literacy College Board: Information and Ideas - Command of Evidence (Quantitative); CCSS R.CCR.7; RI/RST.9-10.7; RI/RST.11-12.7 - Information and Ideas - Command of Evidence (Quantitative): College Board: Information and Ideas - Command of Evidence (Quantitative); CCSS R.CCR.7; RI/RST.9-10.7; RI/RST.11-12.7. This skill assesses: Which choice correctly identifies a data point or category that does not follow the overall pattern?.

Quantitative Evidence Supporting a Claim: Which data-based statement best supports the specified claim or hypothesis?. Aligned to College Board Digital SAT Suite; Common Core State Standards ELA-Literacy College Board: Information and Ideas - Command of Evidence (Quantitative); CCSS R.CCR.1, 7, 8; RI/RST.9-10.1, 7, 8; RI/RST.11-12.1, 7, 8 - Information and Ideas - Command of Evidence (Quantitative): College Board: Information and Ideas - Command of Evidence (Quantitative); CCSS R.CCR.1, 7, 8; RI/RST.9-10.1, 7, 8; RI/RST.11-12.1, 7, 8. This skill assesses: Which data-based statement best supports the specified claim or hypothesis?

Quantitative Evidence Challenging a Claim: Which data-based statement most directly contradicts, weakens, or limits the specified claim?. Aligned to College Board Digital SAT Suite; Common Core State Standards ELA-Literacy College Board: Information and Ideas - Command of Evidence (Quantitative); CCSS R.CCR.1, 7, 8; RI/RST.9-10.1, 7, 8; RI/RST.11-12.1, 7, 8 - Information and Ideas - Command of Evidence (Quantitative): College Board: Information and Ideas - Command of Evidence (Quantitative); CCSS R.CCR.1, 7, 8; RI/RST.9-10.1, 7, 8; RI/RST.11-12.1, 7, 8. This skill assesses: Which data-based statement most directly contradicts, weakens, or limits the specified claim?

Integrating Text and an Informational Graphic: Which choice accurately combines information from the passage and the accompanying table or graph?. Aligned to College Board Digital SAT Suite; Common Core State Standards ELA-Literacy College Board: Information and Ideas - Command of Evidence (Quantitative); CCSS R.CCR.7; RI/RST.9-10.7; RI/RST.11-12.7 - Information and Ideas - Command of Evidence (Quantitative): College Board: Information and Ideas - Command of Evidence (Quantitative); CCSS R.CCR.7; RI/RST.9-10.7; RI/RST.11-12.7. This skill assesses: Which choice accurately combines information from the passage and the accompanying table or graph?

Analyzing Multiple Variables or Series: Which choice best describes the relationship among multiple variables, lines, categories, or conditions in a graphic?. Aligned to College Board Digital SAT Suite; Common Core State Standards ELA-Literacy - College Board: Information and Ideas - Command of Evidence (Quantitative); CCSS R.CCR.7; RI/RST.9-10.7; RI/RST.11-12.7 - Information and Ideas - Command of Evidence (Quantitative): College Board: Information and Ideas - Command of Evidence (Quantitative); CCSS R.CCR.7; RI/RST.9-10.7; RI/RST.11-12.7. This skill assesses: Which choice best describes the relationship among multiple variables, lines, categories, or conditions in a graphic?

Interpreting Axes, Units, Scales, and Legends: Which choice uses the graphic's labels, units, intervals, and legend correctly when interpreting the data?. Aligned to College Board Digital SAT Suite; Common Core State Standards ELA-Literacy College Board: Information and Ideas - Command of Evidence (Quantitative); CCSS R.CCR.7; RI/RST.9-10.7; RI/RST.11-12.7 - Information and Ideas - Command of Evidence (Quantitative): College Board: Information and Ideas - Command of Evidence (Quantitative); CCSS R.CCR.7; RI/RST.9-10.7; RI/RST.11-12.7. This skill assesses: Which choice uses the graphic's labels, units, intervals, and legend correctly when interpreting the data?.

Recognizing Data Limitations: Which choice best acknowledges what the displayed data can and cannot establish because of range, sample, missing categories, or measurement limits?. Aligned to College Board Digital SAT Suite; Common Core State Standards ELA-Literacy College Board: Information and Ideas - Command of Evidence (Quantitative); CCSS R.CCR.7-8; RI/RST.9-10.7-8; RI/RST.11-12.7-8 - Information and Ideas - Command of Evidence (Quantitative): College Board: Information and Ideas - Command of Evidence (Quantitative); CCSS R.CCR.7-8; RI/RST.9-10.7-8; RI/RST.11-12.7-8. This skill assesses: Which choice best acknowledges what the displayed data can and cannot establish because of range, sample, missing categories, or measurement limits?.

Avoiding Causal Overclaims from Data: Which choice interprets an association or comparison without claiming causation that the data do not justify?. Aligned to College Board Digital SAT Suite; Common Core State Standards ELA-Literacy College Board: Information and Ideas - Command of Evidence (Quantitative); CCSS R.CCR.7-8; RI/RST.9-10.7-8; RI/RST.11-12.7-8 - Information and Ideas - Command of Evidence (Quantitative): College Board: Information and Ideas - Command of Evidence (Quantitative); CCSS R.CCR.7-8; RI/RST.9-10.7-8; RI/RST.11-12.7-8. This skill assesses: Which choice interprets an association or comparison without claiming causation that the data do not justify?

Denotative Meaning in Context: As used in the passage, which choice gives the word's most accurate literal meaning?. Aligned to College Board Digital SAT Suite; Common Core State Standards ELA-Literacy College Board: Craft and Structure - Words in Context; CCSS R.CCR.4; L.CCR.4; RL/RI.9-10.4; RL/RI.11-12.4 - Craft and Structure - Words in Context: College Board: Craft and Structure - Words in Context; CCSS R.CCR.4; L.CCR.4; RL/RI.9-10.4; RL/RI.11-12.4. This skill assesses: As used in the passage, which choice gives the word's most accurate literal meaning?.

Multiple-Meaning Words: Which choice identifies the contextually appropriate meaning of a word that has several common definitions?. Aligned to College Board Digital SAT Suite; Common Core State Standards ELA-Literacy College Board: Craft and Structure - Words in Context; CCSS R.CCR.4; L.CCR.4; RL/RI.9-10.4; RL/RI.11-12.4 - Craft and Structure - Words in Context: College Board: Craft and Structure - Words in Context; CCSS R.CCR.4; L.CCR.4; RL/RI.9-10.4; RL/RI.11-12.4. This skill assesses: Which choice identifies the contextually appropriate meaning of a word that has several common definitions?

Meaning of an Academic Phrase: Which choice best explains the meaning of a high-utility academic phrase as it functions in the sentence?. Aligned to College Board Digital SAT Suite; Common Core State Standards ELA-Literacy College Board: Craft and Structure - Words in Context; CCSS R.CCR.4; L.CCR.4; RI.9-10.4; RI.11-12.4 - Craft and Structure - Words in Context: College Board: Craft and Structure - Words in Context; CCSS R.CCR.4; L.CCR.4; RI.9-10.4; RI.11-12.4. This skill assesses: Which choice best explains the meaning of a high-utility academic phrase as it functions in the sentence?.

Figurative Meaning: Which choice best explains the meaning of a metaphorical, idiomatic, or otherwise nonliteral word or phrase in context?. Aligned to College Board Digital SAT Suite; Common Core State Standards ELA-Literacy College Board: Craft and Structure - Words in Context; CCSS R.CCR.4; L.CCR.5; RL/RI.9-10.4; RL/RI.11-12.4 - Craft and Structure - Words in Context: College Board: Craft and Structure - Words in Context; CCSS R.CCR.4; L.CCR.5; RL/RI.9-10.4; RL/RI.11-12.4. This skill assesses: Which choice best explains the meaning of a metaphorical, idiomatic, or otherwise nonliteral word or phrase in context?.

Connotation: Which choice best accounts for the positive, negative, neutral, formal, or informal associations of a word in context? Aligned to College Board Digital SAT Suite; Common Core State Standards ELA-Literacy College Board: Craft and Structure - Words in Context; CCSS R.CCR.4; L.CCR.5; RL/RI.9-10.4; RL/RI.11-12.4 - Craft and Structure - Words in Context: College Board: Craft and Structure - Words in Context; CCSS R.CCR.4; L.CCR.5; RL/RI.9-10.4; RL/RI.11-12.4. This skill assesses: Which choice best accounts for the positive, negative, neutral, formal, or informal associations of a word in context?

Tone Created by Word Choice: Which choice identifies the word or phrase whose connotations best create the passage's intended tone? Aligned to College Board Digital SAT Suite; Common Core State Standards ELA-Literacy: College Board Craft and Structure - Words in Context; CCSS R.CCR.4, 6; L.CCR.5; RL/RI.9-10.4, 6; RL/RI.11-12.4, 6.

Precision among Near-Synonyms: Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word among options with related meanings?. Aligned to College Board Digital SAT Suite; Common Core State Standards ELA-Literacy College Board: Craft and Structure - Words in Context; CCSS R.CCR.4; L.CCR.3-5; L.9-10.3-5; L.11-12.3-5 - Craft and Structure - Words in Context: College Board: Craft and Structure - Words in Context; CCSS R.CCR.4; L.CCR.3-5; L.9-10.3-5; L.11-12.3-5. This skill assesses: Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word among options with related meanings?.

Degree and Intensity: Which choice supplies a word whose strength, certainty, or intensity precisely matches the surrounding context? Aligned to College Board Digital SAT Suite; Common Core State Standards ELA-Literacy - College Board: Craft and Structure - Words in Context; CCSS L.CCR.3, 5; L.9-10.3, 5; L.11-12.3, 5.

Contrast Clues: Which choice uses a contrast, concession, or reversal in the sentence to determine the missing word's meaning? Aligned to College Board Digital SAT Suite; Common Core State Standards ELA-Literacy - College Board: Craft and Structure - Words in Context; CCSS R.CCR.4; L.CCR.4; L.9-10.4; L.11-12.4 - Craft and Structure - Words in Context.

Cause-and-Effect Context Clues: Which choice uses the sentence's cause-and-effect relationship to select the most logical word or phrase? Aligned to College Board Digital SAT Suite and Common Core State Standards ELA-Literacy: College Board Craft and Structure - Words in Context; CCSS R.CCR.4; L.CCR.4; L.9-10.4; L.11-12.4.

Definition and Restatement Clues: Which choice uses a nearby definition, appositive, synonym, or restatement to determine the word's meaning? Aligned to College Board Digital SAT Suite; Common Core State Standards ELA-Literacy - College Board: Craft and Structure - Words in Context; CCSS R.CCR.4; L.CCR.4; L.9-10.4; L.11-12.4 - Craft and Structure - Words in Context: College Board: Craft and Structure - Words in Context; CCSS R.CCR.4; L.CCR.4; L.9-10.4; L.11-12.4. This skill assesses: Which choice uses a nearby definition, appositive, synonym, or restatement to determine the word's meaning?

Example and Illustration Clues: Use examples or illustrations in a passage to determine the most appropriate word or phrase. Aligned to College Board Digital SAT Suite and Common Core State Standards ELA-Literacy: College Board Craft and Structure - Words in Context; CCSS R.CCR.4; L.CCR.4; L.9-10.4; L.11-12.4.

Roots, Affixes, and Word Families in Context: Which choice combines knowledge of roots, prefixes, suffixes, or related words with context to determine meaning? Aligned to College Board Digital SAT Suite; Common Core State Standards ELA-Literacy - College Board: Craft and Structure - Words in Context; CCSS L.CCR.4; L.9-10.4b; L.11-12.4b.

RW.070 - Register and Disciplinary Appropriateness: Which choice supplies vocabulary that is precise, appropriately formal, and suitable for the passage's academic discipline and purpose? Aligned to College Board Digital SAT Suite; Common Core State Standards ELA-Literacy. College Board: Craft and Structure - Words in Context; CCSS L.CCR.3, 6; L.9-10.3, 6; L.11-12.3, 6 - Craft and Structure - Words in Context.

Overall Rhetorical Purpose: Which choice best states the author's primary purpose in presenting the passage? Aligned to College Board Digital SAT Suite; Common Core State Standards ELA-Literacy — College Board: Craft and Structure - Text Structure and Purpose; CCSS R.CCR.5-6; RI.9-10.5-6; RI.11-12.5-6. This practice asks students to identify the author's central rhetorical goal across an original short passage.

Function of a Sentence in the Passage: Which choice best describes what a specified sentence does in relation to the passage as a whole? Aligned to College Board Digital SAT Suite; Common Core State Standards ELA-Literacy — College Board: Craft and Structure - Text Structure and Purpose; CCSS R.CCR.5; RL/RI.9-10.5; RL/RI.11-12.5 — Craft and Structure - Text Structure and Purpose.

Function of a Phrase or Clause: Which choice best describes the rhetorical function of an double-bracketed phrase or clause within its sentence and the larger text? Aligned to College Board Digital SAT Suite; Common Core State Standards ELA-Literacy. College Board: Craft and Structure - Text Structure and Purpose; CCSS R.CCR.5; RL/RI.9-10.5; RL/RI.11-12.5 - Craft and Structure - Text Structure and Purpose.

Function of an Example or Illustration: Which choice best explains why the author includes a particular example, case, anecdote, or illustration? Aligned to College Board Digital SAT Suite; Common Core State Standards ELA-Literacy - College Board: Craft and Structure - Text Structure and Purpose; CCSS R.CCR.5-6; RI.9-10.5-6; RI.11-12.5-6 - Craft and Structure - Text Structure and Purpose.

Function of a Quotation or Source Reference: Which choice best explains how a quotation, expert statement, or source reference advances the passage's purpose? Aligned to College Board Digital SAT Suite; Common Core State Standards ELA-Literacy - College Board: Craft and Structure - Text Structure and Purpose; CCSS R.CCR.5-6, 8; RI.9-10.5-6, 8; RI.11-12.5-6, 8.

Function of a Definition: Which choice best explains how a definition clarifies terminology, establishes scope, or prepares for later analysis? Aligned to College Board Digital SAT Suite; Common Core State Standards ELA-Literacy - College Board: Craft and Structure - Text Structure and Purpose; CCSS R.CCR.4-5; RI.9-10.4-5; RI.11-12.4-5 - Craft and Structure - Text Structure and Purpose: College Board: Craft and Structure - Text Structure and Purpose; CCSS R.CCR.4-5; RI.9-10.4-5; RI.11-12.4-5. This skill assesses: Which choice best explains how a definition clarifies terminology, establishes scope, or prepares for later analysis?

Function of a Research Finding or Statistic: Which choice best explains how a finding, statistic, or observation supports, complicates, or motivates the passage's discussion?. Aligned to College Board Digital SAT Suite; Common Core State Standards ELA-Literacy College Board: Craft and Structure - Text Structure and Purpose; CCSS R.CCR.5, 7-8; RI/RST.9-10.5, 7-8; RI/RST.11-12.5, 7-8 - Craft and Structure - Text Structure and Purpose: College Board: Craft and Structure - Text Structure and Purpose; CCSS R.CCR.5, 7-8; RI/RST.9-10.5, 7-8; RI/RST.11-12.5, 7-8. This skill assesses: Which choice best explains how a finding, statistic, or observation supports, complicates, or motivates the passage's discussion?.

Introduction of Topic and Background: Which choice best describes how the opening establishes context, introduces a problem, or frames the topic? Aligned to College Board Digital SAT Suite; Common Core State Standards ELA-Literacy — College Board: Craft and Structure - Text Structure and Purpose; CCSS R.CCR.5; RI.9-10.5; RI.11-12.5 — Craft and Structure - Text Structure and Purpose: This skill assesses how an opening supplies background, defines a starting point, introduces a problem, or frames the discussion that follows.