Create and Read Line Plots of Motion Data - Identify correct line plots for repeated‑trial speed data and select interpretations that recognize trends and outliers. (CCSS Math 4.MD.B.4; SEP Data Analysis)

Use Force Arrows in Simple Diagrams - Choose the diagram with correct force arrows and net force direction for pushes, pulls, friction, and gravity. (SEP Modeling; CCC Systems and System Models)

Claims with Evidence from Motion - Select the strongest claim‑evidence‑reasoning pair that explains speed, energy, or friction for a given data set. (SEP Constructing Explanations)

Classify Materials by Observable Properties - Identify the category that best fits a material based on properties such as hardness, flexibility, luster, conductivity, or solubility. (NAEP Physical Science; TEKS §112.6)

States of Matter and Particle Model (Grade‑Appropriate) - Select the statement or diagram that correctly describes solids, liquids, and gases and explains changes of state due to heating or cooling. (NAEP Physical Science)

Mixtures and Solutions - Choose the best method (filtration, screening, evaporation, magnet) to separate a mixture and identify examples of solutions or relative concentration. (SEP Using Models and Data; TEKS §112.6)

Physical and Chemical Changes (Elementary Examples) - Identify whether a scenario shows a physical change (melting, dissolving, cutting) or chemical change (rusting, burning) using evidence like gas formation or color change. (NAEP Physical Science)

Properties for Real‑World Design Choices - Select the most appropriate material for a purpose (e.g., insulation) based on evidence about properties and constraints like cost and safety. (SEP Evaluating Solutions; CCC Structure and Function)

Read Thermometer, Balance and Graduated Cylinder Accurately - Choose the most accurate measurement from a set of instrument readings and appropriate units for temperature, mass, and volume. (CCSS Math 4.MD.A.2; SEP Measurement)

Diagrams of Separation Methods - Identify the correctly labeled setup for filtration, evaporation, or magnet separation and the step order that ensures safety. (SEP Communicating Information)

Wave Patterns: Amplitude and Wavelength - Select the diagram that correctly labels amplitude and wavelength and identifies wave‑caused motion. (NGSS 4‑PS4‑1; DCI PS4.A; CCC Patterns)

Sound: Pitch and Loudness - Choose the option that best relates pitch to frequency and loudness to amplitude given data tables or simple graphs. (DCI PS4.A; CCSS Math 4.MD.A.2)

Light and Seeing by Reflection - Identify statements and models that correctly explain seeing as light reflecting from objects and entering the eye; classify surfaces and materials by their optical behavior. (NGSS 4‑PS4‑2; DCI PS4.B; CCC Cause and Effect)

Transmission, Absorption and Refraction (Elementary) - Select outcomes that describe what happens to light (transmitted, absorbed, refracted) for different materials, including simple lenses. (DCI PS4.B; TEKS §112.6)

Use Patterns to Transfer Information - Choose the signaling method (light or sound) that best encodes/decodes information given constraints and reliability considerations. (NGSS 4‑PS4‑3; DCI PS4.C; CCC Stability and Change)

Shadows and Angles of Light - Identify how changes in light angle or object distance affect shadow size and direction; match patterns to the Sun’s apparent motion. (NAEP Earth and Space Science)

Draw and Label Wave Diagrams - Select the correctly labeled wave diagram (crest, trough, amplitude, wavelength) and the arrow showing motion effects. (SEP Modeling; CCC Patterns)

Morse‑Like Signaling Choices - Choose the code or pattern that transmits a message most accurately and quickly with a flashlight or buzzer. (NGSS 4‑PS4‑3; ISTE 1.6)

Electric Circuits: Components and Flow - Identify the circuit diagram that shows a complete (closed) path vs. an open circuit using batteries, wires, switches, and loads. (NAEP Physical Science; TEKS §112.6)

Conductors and Insulators (Electric) - Classify materials as conductors or insulators based on whether they allow current to flow in a simple circuit. (SEP Data Analysis; TEKS §112.6)

Energy Transformations in Circuits - Select examples where electrical energy is transformed into light, sound, heat, or motion in simple devices. (NAEP Physical Science)

Magnets: Poles, Attraction and Repulsion - Choose predictions about attraction and repulsion that match magnet pole interactions and relative strengths. (TEKS §112.6; NAEP Physical Science)

Electromagnets (Introductory) - Identify how changing coil turns or current affects electromagnet strength and select the safest setup. (SEP Analyzing and Interpreting Data; TEKS §112.6)

Read and Draw Basic Circuit Symbols - Select the diagram that uses standardized symbols correctly for battery, wire, switch, bulb, and buzzer. (SEP Modeling)

Troubleshoot Simple Circuits Systematically - Choose the most likely cause of a circuit failure (open, short, reversed component, depleted battery) and the next best test step. (SEP Data Analysis)

Internal and External Structures of Organisms - Select the evidence that best supports how a given structure (roots, stems, leaves, teeth, beaks, skin, limbs) helps survival, growth, behavior, or reproduction. (NGSS 4‑LS1‑1; DCI LS1.A/D; CCC Structure and Function)

Sensing, Processing and Responding - Identify the model or description that correctly shows senses → brain processing → body responses for animals. (NGSS 4‑LS1‑2; DCI LS1.D; CCC Systems and System Models)

Plant Structures and Processes - Match plant structures (roots, stems, leaves, flowers) to their roles in support, transport, photosynthesis, and reproduction. (DCI LS1.A; TEKS §112.6)

Classification and Scientific Names (Introductory) - Choose the grouping or name usage that correctly applies observable traits and the purpose of scientific names. (NAEP Life Science)

Life Cycles of Plants and Animals - Select the diagram or description that correctly orders life cycle stages and identifies metamorphosis where appropriate. (NAEP Life Science)

Adaptations and Behaviors - Identify adaptations and behaviors (camouflage, migration, hibernation) that best fit a described environment or challenge. (DCI LS1.A/D; NAEP Life Science)

Food Chains and Food Webs - Choose the model that correctly shows energy flow from producers to consumers to decomposers and predicts effects of adding/removing organisms. (DCI LS2.A; NAEP Life Science)

Create Accurate Food Web Diagrams - Identify the energy‑flow arrows and trophic roles that are correct for a given ecosystem scenario. (SEP Modeling; CCC Energy and Matter)

Fair Plant Growth Setups - Choose the experimental setup that best controls variables (light, water, soil) and uses data to support a claim about growth. (SEP Planning Investigations; CCSS Math 4.MD.B.4)

Rock Layers, Fossils and Landscape Change - Select the explanation that best uses rock formations and fossil patterns to describe changes in landscapes over long times. (NGSS 4‑ESS1‑1; DCI ESS1.C; CCC Stability and Change)

Weathering and Erosion Evidence - Identify observations and measurements that best show weathering and compare variables that affect erosion rate (water, ice, wind, vegetation). (NGSS 4‑ESS2‑1; DCI ESS2.A; CCSS Math 4.MD.A.2, 4.MD.B.4)

Natural Resources, Energy and Environmental Effects - Select statements that correctly classify resources as renewable or nonrenewable and explain environmental effects of their use. (NGSS 4‑ESS3‑1; DCI ESS3.A/C)

Natural Hazards and Mitigation - Choose the solution that best reduces the impact of a given natural hazard using specified criteria and constraints. (NGSS 4‑ESS3‑2; DCI ESS3.B; CCC Stability and Change)

Soils: Components and Properties - Identify soil components (sand, silt, clay, humus) and select properties most favorable for plant growth or erosion control. (NAEP Earth and Space Science; TEKS §112.6)

Weather and Clouds (Elementary) - Match weather observations to cloud types and select appropriate safety actions for severe storms. (NAEP Earth and Space Science; TEKS §112.6)

Sun, Earth and Shadows (Daily Patterns) - Select the pattern that best explains how shadow length and direction change with the Sun’s apparent motion during the day. (NAEP Earth and Space Science; TEKS §112.6)

Water Cycle (Review and Connection) - Choose the diagram or description that correctly sequences evaporation, condensation, precipitation, and collection and connects to weather and erosion. (NAEP Earth and Space Science; TEKS §112.6)

Maps and Patterns of Earth’s Features - Choose the map interpretation that correctly identifies patterns of mountains, rivers, earthquakes, and volcanoes at different scales. (NGSS 4‑ESS2‑2; DCI ESS2.B; CCC Scale, Proportion and Quantity)

Read and Interpret Thematic and Topographic Maps - Identify correct uses of map keys, scale bars, and contour lines to answer questions about elevation, landforms, and hazards. (SEP Data Analysis)

Evaluate Erosion‑Control Solutions - Select the model or strategy that most effectively reduces erosion under given conditions. (NGSS 4‑ESS2‑1 (connection); SEP Designing Solutions; CCC Stability and Change)

Interpret Simple Weather Maps and Forecasts - Choose reasonable short‑term predictions from temperature, precipitation, and wind symbols and explain uncertainty. (SEP Communicating Information)

Define Problems with Criteria and Constraints - Identify which problem statement best specifies the criteria for success and the constraints on materials, time, and cost in a science context. (NGSS 3‑5‑ETS1‑1; SEP Defining Problems; CCC Systems and System Models)

Generate, Compare and Optimize Solutions - Select the solution that best meets criteria and constraints using evidence, noting trade‑offs among multiple options. (NGSS 3‑5‑ETS1‑2; SEP Designing Solutions; CCC Optimization)

Plan Fair Tests and Analyze Failure Points - Choose the test plan that controls variables appropriately and the data table that best reveals what to improve in a prototype. (NGSS 3‑5‑ETS1‑3; SEP Planning Investigations; CCSS Math 4.MD.B.4)

Communicate Designs with Drawings and Prototypes - Identify drawings, diagrams, or prototypes that provide sufficient labels and detail for others to replicate a design. (SEP Communicating Information; ISTE 1.6)

Team Roles, Safety and Ethics in Design - Select the procedure or feedback practice that best supports safe, ethical, and effective teamwork during design activities. (SEP Arguing from Evidence)

Use Checklists and Rubrics During Iteration - Choose the rubric/checklist evidence that best justifies iteration decisions relative to criteria and constraints. (ISTE 1.1, 1.4)

Measurement Tools and Units - Select appropriate tools and units for a task and choose the most reasonable estimate before measuring. (CCSS Math 4.MD.A.1–2; SEP Math/Computation)

Variables, Controls and Fair Tests - Classify variables as independent, dependent, or controlled and select steps that keep tests fair and reproducible. (SEP Planning Investigations)

Claims, Evidence and Reasoning Writing - Choose the explanation that best connects a claim to the strongest evidence using appropriate scientific ideas and vocabulary. (CCSS ELA W.4.2; SEP Constructing Explanations)

Laboratory Safety and Symbols - Identify the correct safety symbol and the appropriate action for common lab situations (goggles, heat sources, sharps, clean‑up). (SEP Planning Investigations; NAEP Science)

Create and Interpret Tables, Bar Graphs and Line Plots - Identify the best display for a question and select accurate interpretations of patterns, trends, and outliers. (CCSS Math 4.MD.B.4; SEP Data Analysis)

Evaluate Sources, Diagrams and Media - Identify credible sources and select accurate interpretations of scientific diagrams (flowcharts, cross‑sections); recognize when citations are needed. (ISTE 1.3; CCSS ELA RI.4.7)

Use Digital Models and Simulations - Select screenshots or annotations that best demonstrate findings from approved interactive simulations about energy, waves, or Earth systems. (ISTE 1.6; SEP Modeling)

Maintain a Science Notebook - Choose the notebook entry that best enables replication by another student (dates, procedures, data, reflections). (SEP Communicating Information)

Label Diagrams and Add Captions Correctly - Identify the labeled drawing and caption that most clearly communicate key features and results with scale when appropriate. (CCSS ELA RI.4.5)