Grade 2 - Select a Category
Reading Literature
Ask and Answer Questions in Stories - Students ask and answer who, what, where, when, why, and how questions to demonstrate understanding of key details. (CCSS RL.2.1; CA RL.2.1; MA RL.2.1; NY 2R*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.*)
Recount Stories and Determine the Lesson - Recount fables and folktales; determine the central message or moral and connect it to key details. (CCSS RL.2.2; CA RL.2.2; MA RL.2.2; NY 2R*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.*)
Describe How Characters Respond to Events and Challenges - Describe how characters respond to major events and challenges and how responses drive the plot. (CCSS RL.2.3; CA RL.2.3; MA RL.2.3; NY 2R*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.*)
Notice Words and Phrases that Create Rhythm and Feeling - Identify regular beats, alliteration, rhymes, and repeated lines in stories, poems, and songs and explain their effect. (CCSS RL.2.4; CA RL.2.4; MA RL.2.4; NY 2R*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.*)
Describe Story Structure - Explain how beginnings introduce the story and endings conclude the action; describe how parts fit the whole. (CCSS RL.2.5; CA RL.2.5; MA RL.2.5; NY 2R*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.*)
Recognize Different Characters’ Points of View - Acknowledge differences in characters’ points of view and use different voices for dialogue when reading aloud. (CCSS RL.2.6; CA RL.2.6; MA RL.2.6; NY 2R*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.*)
Use Illustrations and Words to Understand Characters, Setting, and Plot - Use information from illustrations and words to deepen understanding of characters, setting, or plot. (CCSS RL.2.7; CA RL.2.7; MA RL.2.7; NY 2R*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.*)
Compare and Contrast Versions of the Same Story - Compare and contrast versions of the same story by different authors or from different cultures. (CCSS RL.2.9; CA RL.2.9; MA RL.2.9; NY 2R*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.*)
Read a Range of Literary Texts Independently - By year’s end, read and comprehend literature in the grades 2–3 text complexity band independently and proficiently. (CCSS RL.2.10; CA RL.2.10; MA RL.2.10; NY 2R*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.*)
Reading Literature — Mini Skills
Retell Stories Using a Story Map - Retell beginning, middle, and end with transition words using a simple story map (characters, setting, problem, solution). (CCSS RL.2.2; CA RL.2.2; MA RL.2.2; NY 2R*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.*)
Identify Problem and Solution - Identify the story problem and solution and explain how the solution resolves the conflict. (CCSS RL.2.3; CA RL.2.3; MA RL.2.3; NY 2R*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.*)
Describe Character Traits with Evidence - Name character traits and support with actions, dialogue, and thoughts from the text. (CCSS RL.2.3; CA RL.2.3; MA RL.2.3; NY 2R*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.*)
Recognize Repetition and Refrains in Songs and Poems - Spot repeated lines and phrases and explain how repetition emphasizes ideas or feelings. (CCSS RL.2.4; CA RL.2.4; MA RL.2.4; NY 2R*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.*)
Compare Characters’ Responses - Compare how two characters respond differently to the same event and how those responses affect the plot. (CCSS RL.2.3; CA RL.2.3; MA RL.2.3; NY 2R*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.*)
Describe Setting Changes Across a Story - Describe how a story’s setting changes and how those changes impact characters and events. (CCSS RL.2.5; CA RL.2.5; MA RL.2.5; NY 2R*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.*)
Use Dialogue Tags to Read with Expression - Notice words like said, shouted, whispered and read aloud matching dialogue tags to convey meaning. (CCSS RL.2.6; CA RL.2.6; MA RL.2.6; NY 2R*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.*)
Identify the Central Message - State the lesson or moral and connect it to the character’s actions and outcomes. (CCSS RL.2.2; CA RL.2.2; MA RL.2.2; NY 2R*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.*)
Compare Story Versions by Culture or Author - Note similarities and differences in story elements across two versions of the same tale. (CCSS RL.2.9; CA RL.2.9; MA RL.2.9; NY 2R*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.*)
Match Illustrations to Events - Match key illustrations to events or lines and explain how images add details not in the words. (CCSS RL.2.7; CA RL.2.7; MA RL.2.7; NY 2R*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.*)
Reading Informational Text
Ask and Answer Questions about Facts and Ideas - Ask and answer who, what, where, when, why, and how questions to show understanding of key details. (CCSS RI.2.1; CA RI.2.1; MA RI.2.1; NY 2R*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.*)
Identify the Main Topic and Paragraph Focus - Identify the main topic of a multiparagraph text and the focus of individual paragraphs. (CCSS RI.2.2; CA RI.2.2; MA RI.2.2; NY 2R*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.*)
Describe Connections among Events, Ideas, or Steps - Explain how historical events, scientific ideas, concepts, or steps in procedures connect to one another. (CCSS RI.2.3; CA RI.2.3; MA RI.2.3; NY 2R*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.*)
Determine Meanings of Words and Phrases - Determine meanings of words and phrases relevant to grade 2 topics; use vocabulary strategies. (CCSS RI.2.4; CA RI.2.4; MA RI.2.4; NY 2R*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.*)
Use Text Features to Locate Information Quickly - Use captions, bold print, subheadings, glossaries, indexes, menus, and icons to locate information efficiently. (CCSS RI.2.5; CA RI.2.5; MA RI.2.5; NY 2R*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.*)
Identify an Author’s Purpose - Identify the main purpose of a text—what the author wants to answer, explain, or describe. (CCSS RI.2.6; CA RI.2.6; MA RI.2.6; NY 2R*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.*)
Explain How Images and Diagrams Clarify a Text - Explain how specific images (diagrams, charts, maps) contribute to and clarify a text. (CCSS RI.2.7; CA RI.2.7; MA RI.2.7; NY 2R*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.*)
Explain How Reasons Support an Author’s Points - Describe how reasons support specific points an author makes. (CCSS RI.2.8; CA RI.2.8; MA RI.2.8; NY 2R*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.*)
Compare Two Texts on the Same Topic - Compare and contrast the most important points presented by two texts on the same topic. (CCSS RI.2.9; CA RI.2.9; MA RI.2.9; NY 2R*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.*)
Read a Range of Informational Texts Independently - By year’s end, read and comprehend informational texts within the grades 2–3 text complexity band. (CCSS RI.2.10; CA RI.2.10; MA RI.2.10; NY 2R*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.*)
Reading Informational Text — Mini Skills
Use Captions and Labels to Learn More - Read captions and labels to add details to understanding; connect pictures to facts. (CCSS RI.2.7; CA RI.2.7; MA RI.2.7; NY 2R*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.*)
Read Charts and Graphs - Read simple charts and graphs to gather information and explain how visuals support the text. (CCSS RI.2.7; CA RI.2.7; MA RI.2.7; NY 2R*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.*)
Use Headings and Subheadings to Preview - Use headings and subheadings to preview sections and set a purpose for reading. (CCSS RI.2.5; CA RI.2.5; MA RI.2.5; NY 2R*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.*)
Use a Glossary and Index - Use a glossary and index to find word meanings and page references quickly. (CCSS RI.2.5; CA RI.2.5; MA RI.2.5; NY 2R*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.*)
Follow Directions in How-To Texts - Read multi-step procedural texts and follow steps in order to complete a simple task safely and accurately. (CCSS RI.2.3; CA RI.2.3; MA RI.2.3; NY 2R*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.*)
Identify Cause and Effect in Real-World Texts - Identify simple cause-and-effect relationships in short science or social studies passages. (CCSS RI.2.3; CA RI.2.3; MA RI.2.3; NY 2R*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.*)
Read Maps and Diagrams - Interpret map keys, arrows, and labels to find information and connect it to the text. (CCSS RI.2.7; CA RI.2.7; MA RI.2.7; NY 2R*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.*)
Spot Facts versus Opinions - Distinguish factual statements from opinions in simple articles. (CCSS RI.2.8; CA RI.2.8; MA RI.2.8; NY 2R*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.*)
Use Search Tools - Alphabetize to the first or second letter and use menus or search boxes in kid-friendly digital texts. (CCSS RI.2.5; CA RI.2.5; MA RI.2.5; NY 2R*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.*)
Summarize a Section - Restate the central idea and key details from a section in your own words. (CCSS RI.2.2; CA RI.2.2; MA RI.2.2; NY 2R*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.*)
Connect Ideas Across Paragraphs - Use connecting words to explain how ideas build across paragraphs. (CCSS RI.2.3; CA RI.2.3; MA RI.2.3; NY 2R*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.*)
Understand Timelines - Read simple timelines to understand sequence and how dates show order of events. (CCSS RI.2.3; CA RI.2.3; MA RI.2.3; NY 2R*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.*)
Reading Foundational Skills
Decode Long and Short Vowels in One-Syllable Words - Distinguish long and short vowel sounds when reading regularly spelled one-syllable words. (CCSS RF.2.3a; CA RF.2.3a; MA RF.2.3a; NY 2RF*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.F.*)
Know Common Vowel Teams - Know spelling–sound correspondences for additional common vowel teams (e.g., ai, ay, ee, ea, oa, ow). (CCSS RF.2.3b; CA RF.2.3b; MA RF.2.3b; NY 2RF*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.F.*)
Decode Two-Syllable Words - Decode regularly spelled two-syllable words, including those with open/closed syllables and final e. (CCSS RF.2.3c; CA RF.2.3c; MA RF.2.3c; NY 2RF*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.F.*)
Read Words with Prefixes and Suffixes - Decode words with common prefixes (re-, un-, pre-) and suffixes (-s, -es, -ed, -ing, -er, -est). (CCSS RF.2.3d; CA RF.2.3d; MA RF.2.3d; NY 2RF*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.F.*)
Recognize Inconsistent But Common Spellings - Identify words with inconsistent but common spelling–sound correspondences (e.g., bread, said). (CCSS RF.2.3e; CA RF.2.3e; MA RF.2.3e; NY 2RF*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.F.*)
Recognize Irregularly Spelled Words - Read grade-appropriate high-frequency and irregularly spelled words by sight. (CCSS RF.2.3f; CA RF.2.3f; MA RF.2.3f; NY 2RF*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.F.*)
Use Context to Confirm or Self-Correct - Use context to confirm or self-correct word recognition and understanding; reread as necessary. (CCSS RF.2.4c; CA RF.2.4c; MA RF.2.4c; NY 2RF*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.F.*)
Read with Accuracy, Appropriate Rate, and Expression - Read grade-level text orally with accuracy, appropriate rate, and expression on successive readings. (CCSS RF.2.4a-b; CA RF.2.4a-b; MA RF.2.4a-b; NY 2RF*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.F.*)
Identify and Use Common Syllable Types - Identify closed, open, magic e, vowel team, r-controlled, and consonant-le syllable types to decode unfamiliar words. (CCSS RF.2.3c; CA RF.2.3c; MA RF.2.3c; NY 2RF*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.F.*)
Segment and Blend Multisyllabic Words - Segment multisyllabic words into syllables and blend to read them fluently. (CCSS RF.2.3c; CA RF.2.3c; MA RF.2.3c; NY 2RF*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.F.*)
Build and Break Compound Words - Form, read, and decompose compound words to understand how meaning changes when words combine. (CCSS RF.2.3d; CA RF.2.3d; MA RF.2.3d; NY 2RF*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.F.*)
Sort Base Words with Inflectional Endings - Sort base words with -s, -es, -ed, -ing, -er, -est and explain spelling changes (drop e, change y to i, double). (CCSS RF.2.3d; CA RF.2.3d; MA RF.2.3d; NY 2RF*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.F.*)
Spell with Common Consonant Patterns - Spell words with blends, digraphs, and final -ng/-nk patterns accurately. (CCSS RF.2.3; CA RF.2.3; MA RF.2.3; NY 2RF*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.F.*)
Read and Write High-Frequency Word Phrases - Practice automaticity with phrases containing high-frequency words to build fluency. (CCSS RF.2.4; CA RF.2.4; MA RF.2.4; NY 2RF*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.F.*)
Writing
Write Opinions with Reasons - Write opinions about a topic or book, providing reasons and using linking words (because, and, also) and a concluding statement. (CCSS W.2.1; CA W.2.1; MA W.2.1; NY 2W*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.C.*)
Write Informative and Explanatory Texts - Introduce a topic, include facts and definitions to develop points, and provide a concluding statement. (CCSS W.2.2; CA W.2.2; MA W.2.2; NY 2W*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.C.*)
Write Narratives with Temporal Words and Details - Recount well-elaborated events using temporal words; include details about actions, thoughts, and feelings; provide closure. (CCSS W.2.3; CA W.2.3; MA W.2.3; NY 2W*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.C.*)
Plan, Revise, and Edit with Guidance - With support from adults and peers, plan, revise, and edit for meaning and conventions to strengthen writing. (CCSS W.2.5; CA W.2.5; MA W.2.5; NY 2W*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.C.*)
Use Digital Tools to Produce and Publish Writing - With guidance and support, use digital tools to produce and publish writing and to collaborate with peers. (CCSS W.2.6; CA W.2.6; MA W.2.6; NY 2W*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.C.*)
Participate in Shared Research and Writing Projects - Engage in short shared research projects and write to share findings. (CCSS W.2.7; CA W.2.7; MA W.2.7; NY 2W*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.C.*)
Recall or Gather Information from Sources - Recall information from experiences or gather information from provided print/digital sources to answer a question. (CCSS W.2.8; CA W.2.8; MA W.2.8; NY 2W*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.C.*)
Write Titles and Endings that Fit Purpose - Craft engaging titles and logical endings that match the writing purpose (opinion, informative, narrative). (CCSS W.2.1–2.3; CA W.2.1–2.3; MA W.2.1–2.3; NY 2W*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.C.*)
Use Illustrations or Multimedia to Support Writing - Add labeled drawings or simple multimedia to clarify ideas in writing. (CCSS W.2.6; CA W.2.6; MA W.2.6; NY 2W*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.C.*)
Write Across Content Areas - Write short responses and full pieces in science and social studies using discipline vocabulary and accurate facts. (CCSS W.2.2; W.2.7; CA W.2.2; W.2.7; MA W.2.2; W.2.7; NY 2W*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.C.*)
Writing — Mini Skills
Generate Ideas with Graphic Organizers - Use webs, lists, and boxes-and-bullets to brainstorm and organize ideas before drafting. (CCSS W.2.5; CA W.2.5; MA W.2.5; NY 2W*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.C.*)
Write Topic Sentences and Supporting Details - Write clear topic sentences and add facts or examples that support the main idea. (CCSS W.2.2; CA W.2.2; MA W.2.2; NY 2W*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.C.*)
Use Temporal and Linking Words - Use words such as first, next, then, finally, because, and also to organize ideas and show relationships. (CCSS W.2.1–2.3; CA W.2.1–2.3; MA W.2.1–2.3; NY 2W*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.C.*)
Write a Friendly Letter - Write friendly letters with a date, greeting, body, closing, and signature, using correct capitalization and punctuation. (CCSS W.2.3; CA W.2.3; MA W.2.3; NY 2W*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.C.*)
Respond to Literature in Writing - Write brief responses to stories using evidence from the text. (CCSS W.2.1–2.3; CA W.2.1–2.3; MA W.2.1–2.3; NY 2W*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.C.*)
Revise for Word Choice and Clarity - Replace vague words with precise words and add details to clarify meaning. (CCSS W.2.5; CA W.2.5; MA W.2.5; NY 2W*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.C.*)
Edit for Capitals, Punctuation, and Spelling - Check for capitals in names and places, commas in letters, apostrophes in contractions/possessives, and high-frequency spellings. (CCSS W.2.5; L.2.2; CA W.2.5; L.2.2; MA W.2.5; L.2.2; NY 2W*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.C.*)
Publish and Share - Prepare final copies, add a simple illustration, and present writing to an audience. (CCSS W.2.6; CA W.2.6; MA W.2.6; NY 2W*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.C.*)
Speaking and Listening
Participate in Collaborative Conversations - Follow rules, build on others’ talk, and ask questions to clarify ideas in small and large groups. (CCSS SL.2.1; CA SL.2.1; MA SL.2.1; NY 2SL*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.C.*)
Recount or Describe Key Ideas from Oral Texts - Recount or describe key ideas from texts read aloud or information presented through media. (CCSS SL.2.2; CA SL.2.2; MA SL.2.2; NY 2SL*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.C.*)
Ask and Answer Questions about a Speaker’s Ideas - Ask and answer questions about what a speaker says to clarify comprehension and deepen understanding. (CCSS SL.2.3; CA SL.2.3; MA SL.2.3; NY 2SL*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.C.*)
Tell a Story or Recount an Experience Clearly - Tell stories and recount experiences with relevant details, speaking audibly in complete, coherent sentences. (CCSS SL.2.4; SL.2.6; CA SL.2.4; SL.2.6; MA SL.2.4; SL.2.6; NY 2SL*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.C.*)
Add Visuals or Audio to Presentations - Create simple presentations enhanced with visuals or audio to clarify ideas. (CCSS SL.2.5; CA SL.2.5; MA SL.2.5; NY 2SL*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.C.*)
Follow and Give Multi-Step Oral Directions - Follow multi-step directions and practice giving clear multi-step directions to peers. (CCSS SL.2.1; CA SL.2.1; MA SL.2.1; NY 2SL*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.C.*)
Use Complete Sentences to Provide Detail - Use complete sentences appropriate to task and situation to provide requested detail or clarification. (CCSS SL.2.6; CA SL.2.6; MA SL.2.6; NY 2SL*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.C.*)
Speaking and Listening — Mini Skills
Use Academic Talk Moves - Practice agreeing, disagreeing respectfully, and adding on to ideas using sentence starters. (CCSS SL.2.1; CA SL.2.1; MA SL.2.1; NY 2SL*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.C.*)
Ask Clarifying and Follow-Up Questions - Prepare and ask clarifying and follow-up questions to extend conversations. (CCSS SL.2.1; SL.2.3; CA SL.2.1; SL.2.3; MA SL.2.1; SL.2.3; NY 2SL*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.C.*)
Paraphrase a Peer’s Idea - Restate a classmate’s idea to show understanding before responding. (CCSS SL.2.2; SL.2.3; CA SL.2.2; SL.2.3; MA SL.2.2; SL.2.3; NY 2SL*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.C.*)
Use Volume, Pace, and Expression - Adjust volume, pace, and expression to match audience and purpose during short presentations. (CCSS SL.2.4; SL.2.6; CA SL.2.4; SL.2.6; MA SL.2.4; SL.2.6; NY 2SL*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.C.*)
Create a Simple Poster or Slide - Create a one-page poster or single slide with an image and labels to support a talk. (CCSS SL.2.5; CA SL.2.5; MA SL.2.5; NY 2SL*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.C.*)
Language
Use Knowledge of Language to Improve Writing and Speaking - Make purposeful choices in vocabulary and sentence variety for clarity; compare oral and written forms appropriate to task and audience. (CCSS L.2.3; CA L.2.3; MA L.2.3; NY 2L*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.C.*, ELA.2.V.*)
Vocabulary and Word Study
Use Context Clues to Determine Word Meanings - Use sentence- and paragraph-level context to determine the meaning of unfamiliar words and phrases. (CCSS L.2.4a; CA L.2.4a; MA L.2.4a; NY 2L*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.C.*, ELA.2.V.*)
Use Glossaries and Beginning Dictionaries - Use glossaries and dictionaries to determine or clarify meanings and pronunciations. (CCSS L.2.4e; CA L.2.4e; MA L.2.4e; NY 2L*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.C.*, ELA.2.V.*)
Use Morphology: Prefixes and Suffixes - Identify and use common prefixes and suffixes to figure out word meanings. (CCSS L.2.4b; L.2.4c; CA L.2.4b; L.2.4c; MA L.2.4b; L.2.4c; NY 2L*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.C.*, ELA.2.V.*)
Determine Shades of Meaning - Distinguish shades of meaning among closely related adjectives and verbs. (CCSS L.2.5b; CA L.2.5b; MA L.2.5b; NY 2L*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.C.*, ELA.2.V.*)
Connect Words to Real-Life Examples - Connect new vocabulary to real-life contexts and use words accurately in speaking and writing. (CCSS L.2.5a; L.2.6; CA L.2.5a; L.2.6; MA L.2.5a; L.2.6; NY 2L*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.C.*, ELA.2.V.*)
Recognize and Use Compound Words - Identify compound words and explain how two words combine to make a new meaning; use them in sentences. (CCSS L.2.4d; CA L.2.4d; MA L.2.4d; NY 2L*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.C.*, ELA.2.V.*)
Alphabetize and Use Guide Words - Alphabetize to the first or second letter and use dictionary guide words to locate entries quickly. (CCSS L.2.4e; CA L.2.4e; MA L.2.4e; NY 2L*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.C.*, ELA.2.V.*)
Grammar and Conventions
Use Collective and Plural Nouns Accurately - Use collective nouns (e.g., class) and form irregular plural nouns (e.g., feet, children). (CCSS L.2.1a-b; CA L.2.1a-b; MA L.2.1a-b; NY 2L*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.C.*, ELA.2.V.*)
Use Reflexive Pronouns - Use reflexive pronouns (myself, ourselves) in speaking and writing. (CCSS L.2.1c; CA L.2.1c; MA L.2.1c; NY 2L*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.C.*, ELA.2.V.*)
Form and Use Past and Present Tense Verbs (Including Irregular) - Correctly use past and present verbs, including frequently occurring irregular verbs. (CCSS L.2.1d; CA L.2.1d; MA L.2.1d; NY 2L*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.C.*, ELA.2.V.*)
Use Adjectives and Adverbs to Describe More Precisely - Select adjectives and adverbs that answer which one, how many, what kind, how, and when. (CCSS L.2.1e; L.2.6; CA L.2.1e; L.2.6; MA L.2.1e; L.2.6; NY 2L*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.C.*, ELA.2.V.*)
Produce and Expand Complete Sentences - Produce, expand, and rearrange complete simple sentences to improve clarity. (CCSS L.2.1f; CA L.2.1f; MA L.2.1f; NY 2L*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.C.*, ELA.2.V.*)
Capitalize Proper Nouns and Titles; Use Commas in Letters - Capitalize holidays, product names, geographic names; use commas in greetings and closings of letters. (CCSS L.2.2a-b; CA L.2.2a-b; MA L.2.2a-b; NY 2L*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.C.*, ELA.2.V.*)
Use Apostrophes for Contractions and Possessives - Form contractions and frequently occurring possessives with apostrophes. (CCSS L.2.2c; CA L.2.2c; MA L.2.2c; NY 2L*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.C.*, ELA.2.V.*)
Punctuate Sentences and Spell High-Frequency Words - Correctly end different sentence types and spell common sight words. (CCSS L.2.2; L.2.2d; CA L.2.2; L.2.2d; MA L.2.2; L.2.2d; NY 2L*; VA 2.*; TX §110.4; FL ELA.2.C.*, ELA.2.V.*)